annotate docs/manual/manual.html @ 333:507f442dc71e

Add support for 6800 compatibility instructions. The occasional program uses the 6800 compatibility instructions since they are actually specified by Motorola in at least some documentation. They advertised the 6809 as source compatible with the 6800. This mode is not enabled by default, however. It is my belief that receiving an error when using a non-6809 instruction is more useful since it is unlikely that much 6800 source code is being assembled for the 6809 these days. Nevertheless, the --6809compat option is present for just those purposes so one does not have to resort to using macros (which would work equally well in most cases).
author William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
date Tue, 15 Apr 2014 10:57:34 -0600
parents b30091890d62
children e95f07cbce4e
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1 <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN""http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
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2 <HTML
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3 ><HEAD
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4 ><TITLE
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5 >LW Tool Chain</TITLE
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6 ><META
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7 NAME="GENERATOR"
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8 CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.79"></HEAD
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9 ><BODY
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10 CLASS="BOOK"
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11 BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF"
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12 TEXT="#000000"
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13 LINK="#0000FF"
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14 VLINK="#840084"
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15 ALINK="#0000FF"
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16 ><DIV
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17 CLASS="BOOK"
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18 ><A
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19 NAME="AEN1"
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20 ></A
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21 ><DIV
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22 CLASS="TITLEPAGE"
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23 ><H1
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24 CLASS="TITLE"
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25 ><A
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26 NAME="AEN2"
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27 >LW Tool Chain</A
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28 ></H1
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29 ><H3
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30 CLASS="AUTHOR"
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31 ><A
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32 NAME="AEN4"
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33 ></A
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34 >William Astle</H3
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35 ><H3
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36 CLASS="AUTHOR"
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37 ><A
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38 NAME="AEN7"
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39 ></A
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40 >LWTools Contributors </H3
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41 ><P
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42 CLASS="COPYRIGHT"
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43 >Copyright &copy; 2009-2014 William Astle and LWTools contributors</P
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44 ><HR></DIV
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45 ><DIV
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46 CLASS="TOC"
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47 ><DL
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48 ><DT
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49 ><B
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50 >Table of Contents</B
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51 ></DT
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52 ><DT
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53 >1. <A
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54 HREF="#AEN13"
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55 >Introduction</A
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56 ></DT
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57 ><DD
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58 ><DL
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59 ><DT
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60 >1.1. <A
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61 HREF="#AEN16"
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62 >History</A
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63 ></DT
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64 ></DL
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65 ></DD
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66 ><DT
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67 >2. <A
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68 HREF="#AEN21"
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69 >Output Formats</A
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70 ></DT
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71 ><DD
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72 ><DL
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73 ><DT
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74 >2.1. <A
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75 HREF="#AEN24"
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76 >Raw Binaries</A
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77 ></DT
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78 ><DT
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79 >2.2. <A
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80 HREF="#AEN27"
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81 >DECB Binaries</A
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82 ></DT
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83 ><DT
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84 >2.3. <A
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85 HREF="#AEN32"
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86 >ASCII Hexadecimal</A
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87 ></DT
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88 ><DT
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89 >2.4. <A
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90 HREF="#AEN36"
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91 >Motorola S-Record</A
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92 ></DT
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93 ><DT
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94 >2.5. <A
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95 HREF="#AEN41"
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96 >Intel Hex</A
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97 ></DT
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98 ><DT
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99 >2.6. <A
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100 HREF="#AEN46"
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101 >OS9 Modules</A
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102 ></DT
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103 ><DT
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104 >2.7. <A
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105 HREF="#AEN54"
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106 >Object Files</A
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107 ></DT
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108 ></DL
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109 ></DD
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110 ><DT
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111 >3. <A
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112 HREF="#AEN62"
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113 >LWASM</A
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114 ></DT
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115 ><DD
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116 ><DL
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117 ><DT
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118 >3.1. <A
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120 >Command Line Options</A
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121 ></DT
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122 ><DT
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123 >3.2. <A
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124 HREF="#AEN197"
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125 >Dialects</A
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126 ></DT
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127 ><DT
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128 >3.3. <A
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129 HREF="#AEN206"
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130 >Source Format</A
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131 ></DT
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132 ><DT
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133 >3.4. <A
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134 HREF="#AEN216"
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135 >Symbols</A
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136 ></DT
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137 ><DT
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138 >3.5. <A
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139 HREF="#AEN221"
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140 >Numbers and Expressions</A
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141 ></DT
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142 ><DT
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143 >3.6. <A
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144 HREF="#AEN229"
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145 >Assembler Directives</A
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146 ></DT
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147 ><DD
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148 ><DL
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149 ><DT
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150 >3.6.1. <A
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151 HREF="#AEN232"
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152 >Data Directives</A
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153 ></DT
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154 ><DT
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155 >3.6.2. <A
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156 HREF="#AEN343"
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157 >Address Definition</A
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158 ></DT
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159 ><DT
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160 >3.6.3. <A
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161 HREF="#AEN390"
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162 >Conditional Assembly</A
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163 ></DT
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164 ><DT
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165 >3.6.4. <A
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166 HREF="#AEN455"
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167 >OS9 Target Directives</A
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168 ></DT
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169 ><DT
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170 >3.6.5. <A
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171 HREF="#AEN480"
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172 >Miscelaneous Directives</A
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173 ></DT
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174 ></DL
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175 ></DD
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176 ><DT
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177 >3.7. <A
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178 HREF="#AEN520"
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179 >Macros</A
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180 ></DT
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181 ><DT
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182 >3.8. <A
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183 HREF="#AEN543"
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184 >Structures</A
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185 ></DT
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186 ><DT
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187 >3.9. <A
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188 HREF="#AEN564"
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189 >Object Files and Sections</A
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190 ></DT
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191 ><DT
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192 >3.10. <A
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193 HREF="#AEN628"
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194 >Assembler Modes and Pragmas</A
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195 ></DT
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196 ></DL
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197 ></DD
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198 ><DT
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199 >4. <A
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200 HREF="#AEN727"
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201 >LWLINK</A
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202 ></DT
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203 ><DD
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204 ><DL
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205 ><DT
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206 >4.1. <A
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207 HREF="#AEN730"
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208 >Command Line Options</A
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209 ></DT
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210 ><DT
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211 >4.2. <A
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212 HREF="#AEN827"
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213 >Linker Operation</A
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214 ></DT
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215 ><DT
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216 >4.3. <A
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217 HREF="#AEN841"
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218 >Linking Scripts</A
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219 ></DT
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220 ><DT
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221 >4.4. <A
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222 HREF="#AEN907"
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223 >Format Specific Linking Notes</A
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224 ></DT
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225 ><DD
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226 ><DL
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227 ><DT
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228 >4.4.1. <A
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229 HREF="#AEN910"
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230 >OS9 Modules</A
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231 ></DT
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232 ></DL
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233 ></DD
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234 ></DL
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235 ></DD
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236 ><DT
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237 >5. <A
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238 HREF="#AEN922"
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239 >Libraries and LWAR</A
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240 ></DT
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241 ><DD
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242 ><DL
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243 ><DT
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244 >5.1. <A
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245 HREF="#AEN926"
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246 >Command Line Options</A
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247 ></DT
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248 ></DL
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249 ></DD
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250 ><DT
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251 >6. <A
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252 HREF="#OBJCHAP"
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253 >Object Files</A
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254 ></DT
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255 ></DL
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256 ></DIV
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257 ><DIV
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258 CLASS="LOT"
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259 ><DL
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260 CLASS="LOT"
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261 ><DT
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262 ><B
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263 >List of Tables</B
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264 ></DT
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265 ><DT
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266 >6-1. <A
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267 HREF="#AEN1009"
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268 >Object File Term Types</A
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269 ></DT
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270 ><DT
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271 >6-2. <A
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272 HREF="#AEN1039"
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273 >Object File Operator Numbers</A
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274 ></DT
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275 ></DL
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276 ></DIV
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277 ><DIV
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278 CLASS="CHAPTER"
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279 ><HR><H1
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280 ><A
324
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281 NAME="AEN13"
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282 ></A
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283 >Chapter 1. Introduction</H1
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284 ><P
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285 >The LW tool chain provides utilities for building binaries for MC6809 and
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286 HD6309 CPUs. The tool chain includes a cross-assembler and a cross-linker
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287 which support several styles of output.</P
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288 ><DIV
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289 CLASS="SECTION"
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290 ><HR><H2
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291 CLASS="SECTION"
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292 ><A
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293 NAME="AEN16"
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294 >1.1. History</A
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295 ></H2
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296 ><P
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297 >For a long time, I have had an interest in creating an operating system for
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298 the Coco3. I finally started working on that project around the beginning of
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299 2006. I had a number of assemblers I could choose from. Eventually, I settled
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300 on one and started tinkering. After a while, I realized that assembler was not
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301 going to be sufficient due to lack of macros and issues with forward references.
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302 Then I tried another which handled forward references correctly but still did
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303 not support macros. I looked around at other assemblers and they all lacked
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304 one feature or another that I really wanted for creating my operating system.</P
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305 ><P
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306 >The solution seemed clear at that point. I am a fair programmer so I figured
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307 I could write an assembler that would do everything I wanted an assembler to
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308 do. Thus the LWASM probject was born. After more than two years of on and off
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309 work, version 1.0 of LWASM was released in October of 2008.</P
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310 ><P
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311 >As the aforementioned operating system project progressed further, it became
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312 clear that while assembling the whole project through a single file was doable,
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313 it was not practical. When I found myself playing some fancy games with macros
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314 in a bid to simulate sections, I realized I needed a means of assembling
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315 source files separately and linking them later. This spawned a major development
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316 effort to add an object file support to LWASM. It also spawned the LWLINK
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317 project to provide a means to actually link the files.</P
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318 ></DIV
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319 ></DIV
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320 ><DIV
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321 CLASS="CHAPTER"
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322 ><HR><H1
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323 ><A
324
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324 NAME="AEN21"
153
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325 ></A
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326 >Chapter 2. Output Formats</H1
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327 ><P
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328 >The LW tool chain supports multiple output formats. Each format has its
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329 advantages and disadvantages. Each format is described below.</P
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330 ><DIV
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331 CLASS="SECTION"
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332 ><HR><H2
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333 CLASS="SECTION"
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334 ><A
324
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335 NAME="AEN24"
153
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336 >2.1. Raw Binaries</A
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337 ></H2
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338 ><P
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339 >A raw binary is simply a string of bytes. There are no headers or other
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340 niceties. Both LWLINK and LWASM support generating raw binaries. ORG directives
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341 in the source code only serve to set the addresses that will be used for
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342 symbols but otherwise have no direct impact on the resulting binary.</P
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343 ></DIV
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344 ><DIV
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345 CLASS="SECTION"
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346 ><HR><H2
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347 CLASS="SECTION"
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348 ><A
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349 NAME="AEN27"
153
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350 >2.2. DECB Binaries</A
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351 ></H2
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352 ><P
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353 >A DECB binary is compatible with the LOADM command in Disk Extended
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354 Color Basic on the CoCo. They are also compatible with CLOADM from Extended
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355 Color Basic. These binaries include the load address of the binary as well
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356 as encoding an execution address. These binaries may contain multiple loadable
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357 sections, each of which has its own load address.</P
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358 ><P
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359 >Each binary starts with a preamble. Each preamble is five bytes long. The
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360 first byte is zero. The next two bytes specify the number of bytes to load
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361 and the last two bytes specify the address to load the bytes at. Then, a
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362 string of bytes follows. After this string of bytes, there may be another
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363 preamble or a postamble. A postamble is also five bytes in length. The first
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364 byte of the postamble is $FF, the next two are zero, and the last two are
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365 the execution address for the binary.</P
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366 ><P
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367 >Both LWASM and LWLINK can output this format.</P
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368 ></DIV
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369 ><DIV
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370 CLASS="SECTION"
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371 ><HR><H2
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372 CLASS="SECTION"
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373 ><A
324
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374 NAME="AEN32"
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375 >2.3. ASCII Hexadecimal</A
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376 ></H2
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377 ><P
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378 >This human-readable ASCII hexadecimal format consists of CR+LF terminated
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379 lines of ASCII text. Each line has the following structure: a zero-padded
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380 four-digit ASCII hex address, a colon separator, and one or more zero-padded
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381 two-digit hex values separated by commas. ASCII Hexadecimal format favors
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382 paragraph-aligned addresses (i.e. a least significant address nybble value
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383 of zero). During output, the number of hex values on each line are adjusted
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384 to align the address of the next line on a paragraph boundary. The sequence
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385 of addresses in the ASCII Hexadecimal file directly follows that of the source
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386 file; multiple ORG directives in the source code may result in out-of-sequence
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387 addresses in the ASCII Hexadecimal output.</P
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388 ><P
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389 >LWASM can output this format since version 4.10.</P
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390 ></DIV
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391 ><DIV
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392 CLASS="SECTION"
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393 ><HR><H2
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394 CLASS="SECTION"
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395 ><A
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396 NAME="AEN36"
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397 >2.4. Motorola S-Record</A
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398 ></H2
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399 ><P
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400 >This ASCII format consists of a series of CR+LF terminated "records" of ASCII
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401 text. Each record has the following structure: a start-of-record character
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402 "S", an ASCII record type digit (0-9), a two-digit ASCII hex byte count, a
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403 four-digit ASCII hex address, an optional sequence of two-digit ASCII hex data
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404 values, and a two-digit ASCII hex checksum. The LW tool chain issues only S0,
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405 S1, S5 and S9 record types. S1 records are limited to maximum of 16 data bytes
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406 in length, and paragraph alignment of addresses is favored. The address
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407 sequence of the S-Records directly follows that of the source file; multiple
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408 ORG directives in the source code may result in out-of-sequence addresses in
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409 the S-Record output. </P
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410 ><P
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411 >Motorola S-Record format is a standard ASCII format accepted by most memory
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412 device programming equipment. It is particularly useful when the assembled
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413 code output is destined to reside within an EPROM or Flash memory device,
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414 for example.</P
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415 ><P
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416 >LWASM can output this format since version 4.10.</P
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417 ></DIV
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418 ><DIV
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419 CLASS="SECTION"
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420 ><HR><H2
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421 CLASS="SECTION"
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422 ><A
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423 NAME="AEN41"
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424 >2.5. Intel Hex</A
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425 ></H2
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426 ><P
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427 >This ASCII format consists of a series of CR+LF terminated "records" of ASCII
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428 text. Each record has the following structure: a start-of-record character
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429 ":", a two-digit ASCII hex byte count, a four-digit ASCII hex address, a two-
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430 digit ASCII hex record type, an optional sequence of two-digit ASCII hex data
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431 values, and a two-digit ASCII hex checksum. The LW tool chain issues only 00,
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432 and 01 Intel Hex record types. Data records are limited to maximum of 16
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433 data bytes in length, and paragraph alignment of addresses is favored. The
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434 address sequence of the Intel hex records directly follows that of the source
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435 file; multiple ORG directives in the source code may result in out-of-sequence
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436 addresses in the Intel Hex output. </P
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437 ><P
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438 >Intel Hex format is the other standard ASCII format accepted by most memory
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439 device programming equipment, it and the Motorola S-Record format are used for
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440 similar purposes.</P
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441 ><P
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442 >LWASM can output this format since version 4.10.</P
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443 ></DIV
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444 ><DIV
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445 CLASS="SECTION"
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446 ><HR><H2
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447 CLASS="SECTION"
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448 ><A
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449 NAME="AEN46"
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450 >2.6. OS9 Modules</A
153
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451 ></H2
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452 ><P
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453 >&#13;Since version 2.5, LWASM is able to generate OS9 modules. The syntax is
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454 basically the same as for other assemblers. A module starts with the MOD
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455 directive and ends with the EMOD directive. The OS9 directive is provided
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456 as a shortcut for writing system calls.&#13;</P
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457 ><P
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458 >&#13;LWASM does NOT provide an OS9Defs file. You must provide your own. Also note
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459 that the common practice of using "ifp1" around the inclusion of the OS9Defs
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460 file is discouraged as it is pointless and can lead to unintentional
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461 problems and phasing errors. Because LWASM reads each file exactly once,
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462 there is no benefit to restricting the inclusion to the first assembly pass.&#13;</P
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463 ><P
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464 >&#13;As of version 4.5, LWASM also implements the standard data/code address
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465 streams for OS9 modules. That means that between MOD and EMOD, any RMB,
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466 RMD, RMQ, or equivalent directives will move the data address ahead and
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467 leave the code address unmodified. Outside of an actual module, both the
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468 code and data addresses are moved ahead equally. That last bit is critical
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469 to understand because it means any directives that follow an EMOD directive
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470 may have different results than other assemblers.&#13;</P
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471 ><P
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472 >&#13;Additionally, within a module body, the ORG directive sets only the data
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473 address, not the code address. However, outside a module body, ORG sets both
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474 addresses.&#13;</P
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475 ><P
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476 >Both code and data addresses are reset to 0 by the MOD directive.</P
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477 ><P
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478 >&#13;As of version 4.5, LWLINK also supports creation of OS9 modules.&#13;</P
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479 ></DIV
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480 ><DIV
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481 CLASS="SECTION"
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482 ><HR><H2
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483 CLASS="SECTION"
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484 ><A
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485 NAME="AEN54"
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486 >2.7. Object Files</A
153
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487 ></H2
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488 ><P
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489 >LWASM supports generating a proprietary object file format which is
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490 described in <A
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491 HREF="#OBJCHAP"
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492 >Chapter 6</A
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493 >. LWLINK is then used to link these
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494 object files into a final binary in any of LWLINK's supported binary
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495 formats.</P
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496 ><P
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497 >Object files also support the concept of sections which are not valid
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498 for other output types. This allows related code from each object file
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499 linked to be collapsed together in the final binary.</P
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500 ><P
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501 >Object files are very flexible in that they allow references that are not
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502 known at assembly time to be resolved at link time. However, because the
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503 addresses of such references are not known at assembly time, there is no way
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504 for the assembler to deduce that an eight bit addressing mode is possible.
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505 That means the assember will default to using sixteen bit addressing
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506 whenever an external or cross-section reference is used.</P
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507 ><P
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508 >As of LWASM 2.4, it is possible to force direct page addressing for an
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509 external reference. Care must be taken to ensure the resulting addresses
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510 are really in the direct page since the linker does not know what the direct
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511 page is supposed to be and does not emit errors for byte overflows.</P
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512 ><P
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513 >It is also possible to use external references in an eight bit immediate
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514 mode instruction. In this case, only the low order eight bits will be used.
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515 Again, no byte overflows will be flagged.</P
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516 ></DIV
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517 ></DIV
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518 ><DIV
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519 CLASS="CHAPTER"
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520 ><HR><H1
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521 ><A
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522 NAME="AEN62"
153
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523 ></A
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524 >Chapter 3. LWASM</H1
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525 ><P
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526 >The LWTOOLS assembler is called LWASM. This chapter documents the various
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527 features of the assembler. It is not, however, a tutorial on 6x09 assembly
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528 language programming.</P
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529 ><DIV
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530 CLASS="SECTION"
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lost@l-w.ca
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531 ><HR><H2
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532 CLASS="SECTION"
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533 ><A
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534 NAME="AEN65"
153
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535 >3.1. Command Line Options</A
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536 ></H2
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537 ><P
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538 >The binary for LWASM is called "lwasm". Note that the binary is in lower
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539 case. lwasm takes the following command line arguments.</P
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540 ><P
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541 ></P
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parents:
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542 ><DIV
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543 CLASS="VARIABLELIST"
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544 ><DL
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545 ><DT
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546 ><CODE
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547 CLASS="OPTION"
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548 >--6309</CODE
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549 >, <CODE
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550 CLASS="OPTION"
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551 >-3</CODE
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552 ></DT
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553 ><DD
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554 ><P
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555 >This will cause the assembler to accept the additional instructions available
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556 on the 6309 processor. This is the default mode; this option is provided for
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557 completeness and to override preset command arguments.</P
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558 ></DD
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559 ><DT
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560 ><CODE
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561 CLASS="OPTION"
333
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562 >--6800compat</CODE
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563 ></DT
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564 ><DD
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565 ><P
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566 >This is equivalent to <CODE
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567 CLASS="OPTION"
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568 >--pragma=6800compat</CODE
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569 >.</P
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570 ><P
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571 >This will enable recognition of 6800 compatibility instructions.</P
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572 ></DD
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573 ><DT
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574 ><CODE
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575 CLASS="OPTION"
153
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576 >--6809</CODE
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577 >, <CODE
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578 CLASS="OPTION"
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579 >-9</CODE
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parents:
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580 ></DT
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parents:
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581 ><DD
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
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582 ><P
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583 >This will cause the assembler to reject instructions that are only available
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584 on the 6309 processor.</P
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585 ></DD
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parents:
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586 ><DT
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parents:
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587 ><CODE
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588 CLASS="OPTION"
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589 >--decb</CODE
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parents:
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590 >, <CODE
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591 CLASS="OPTION"
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592 >-b</CODE
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parents:
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593 ></DT
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parents:
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594 ><DD
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parents:
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595 ><P
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596 >Select the DECB output format target. Equivalent to <CODE
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597 CLASS="OPTION"
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598 >--format=decb</CODE
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599 >.</P
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parents:
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600 ><P
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601 >While this is the default output format currently, it is not safe to rely
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602 on that fact. Future versions may have different defaults. It is also trivial
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603 to modify the source code to change the default. Thus, it is recommended to specify
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604 this option if you need DECB output.</P
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605 ></DD
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606 ><DT
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607 ><CODE
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parents:
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608 CLASS="OPTION"
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609 >--format=type</CODE
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610 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
611 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
612 >-f type</CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
613 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
614 ><DD
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
615 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
616 >Select the output format. Valid values are <CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
617 CLASS="OPTION"
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
618 >obj</CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
619 > for the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
620 object file target, <CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
621 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
622 >decb</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
623 > for the DECB LOADM format,
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
624 <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
625 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
626 >os9</CODE
324
b30091890d62 Add documentation of the new hex output formats.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 316
diff changeset
627 > for creating OS9 modules, <CODE
153
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
628 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
629 >raw</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
630 > for
324
b30091890d62 Add documentation of the new hex output formats.
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parents: 316
diff changeset
631 a raw binary, <CODE
b30091890d62 Add documentation of the new hex output formats.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 316
diff changeset
632 CLASS="OPTION"
b30091890d62 Add documentation of the new hex output formats.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 316
diff changeset
633 >hex</CODE
b30091890d62 Add documentation of the new hex output formats.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 316
diff changeset
634 > for ASCII hexadecminal format,
b30091890d62 Add documentation of the new hex output formats.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 316
diff changeset
635 <CODE
b30091890d62 Add documentation of the new hex output formats.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 316
diff changeset
636 CLASS="OPTION"
b30091890d62 Add documentation of the new hex output formats.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 316
diff changeset
637 >srec</CODE
b30091890d62 Add documentation of the new hex output formats.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 316
diff changeset
638 > for Motorola S-Record format, and <CODE
b30091890d62 Add documentation of the new hex output formats.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 316
diff changeset
639 CLASS="OPTION"
b30091890d62 Add documentation of the new hex output formats.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 316
diff changeset
640 >ihex</CODE
b30091890d62 Add documentation of the new hex output formats.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 316
diff changeset
641 >
b30091890d62 Add documentation of the new hex output formats.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 316
diff changeset
642 for Intel Hex format.</P
153
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
643 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
644 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
645 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
646 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
647 >--list[=file]</CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
648 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
649 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
650 >-l[file]</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
651 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
652 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
653 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
654 >Cause LWASM to generate a listing. If <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
655 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
656 >file</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
657 > is specified,
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
658 the listing will go to that file. Otherwise it will go to the standard output
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
659 stream. By default, no listing is generated. Unless <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
660 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
661 >--symbols</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
662 >
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
663 is specified, the list will not include the symbol table.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
664 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
665 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
666 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
667 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
668 >--symbols</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
669 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
670 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
671 >-s</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
672 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
673 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
674 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
675 >Causes LWASM to generate a list of symbols when generating a listing.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
676 It has no effect unless a listing is being generated.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
677 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
678 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
679 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
680 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
681 >--obj</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
682 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
683 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
684 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
685 >Select the proprietary object file format as the output target.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
686 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
687 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
688 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
689 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
690 >--output=FILE</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
691 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
692 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
693 >-o FILE</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
694 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
695 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
696 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
697 >This option specifies the name of the output file. If not specified, the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
698 default is <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
699 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
700 >a.out</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
701 >.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
702 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
703 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
704 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
705 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
706 >--pragma=pragma</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
707 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
708 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
709 >-p pragma</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
710 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
711 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
712 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
713 >Specify assembler pragmas. Multiple pragmas are separated by commas. The
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
714 pragmas accepted are the same as for the PRAGMA assembler directive described
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
715 below.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
716 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
717 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
718 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
719 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
720 >--raw</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
721 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
722 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
723 >-r</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
724 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
725 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
726 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
727 >Select raw binary as the output target.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
728 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
729 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
730 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
731 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
732 >--includedir=path</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
733 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
734 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
735 >-I path</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
736 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
737 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
738 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
739 >Add <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
740 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
741 >path</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
742 > to the end of the include path.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
743 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
744 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
745 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
746 CLASS="OPTION"
231
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
747 >--define=SYM[=VAL]</CODE
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
748 >, <CODE
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
749 CLASS="OPTION"
245
0bc1c88fe776 Fix typo in documentation of lwasm --define switch.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 236
diff changeset
750 >-D SYM[=VAL]</CODE
231
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
751 ></DT
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
752 ><DD
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
753 ><P
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
754 >Pre-defines the symbol SYM as either the specified VAL. If VAL is omitted,
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
755 the symbol is defined as 1. The symbol will be defined as though it were
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
756 defined using the SET directive in the assembly source. That means it can
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
757 be overridden by a SET directive within the source code. Attempting to
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
758 redefine SYM using EQU will result in a multiply defined symbol error.</P
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
759 ></DD
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
760 ><DT
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
761 ><CODE
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
762 CLASS="OPTION"
153
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
763 >--help</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
764 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
765 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
766 >-?</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
767 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
768 ><DD
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
769 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
770 >Present a help screen describing the command line options.</P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
771 ></DD
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
772 ><DT
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
773 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
774 CLASS="OPTION"
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
775 >--usage</CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
776 ></DT
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
777 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
778 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
779 >Provide a summary of the command line options.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
780 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
781 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
782 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
783 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
784 >--version</CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
785 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
786 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
787 >-V</CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
788 ></DT
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
789 ><DD
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
790 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
791 >Display the software version.</P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
792 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
793 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
794 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
795 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
796 >--debug</CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
797 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
798 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
799 >-d</CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
800 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
801 ><DD
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
802 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
803 >Increase the debugging level. Only really useful to people hacking on the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
804 LWASM source code itself.</P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
805 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
806 ></DL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
807 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
808 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
809 ><DIV
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
810 CLASS="SECTION"
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
811 ><HR><H2
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
812 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
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parents:
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813 ><A
333
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814 NAME="AEN197"
153
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
815 >3.2. Dialects</A
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
816 ></H2
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817 ><P
333
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818 > LWASM supports all documented MC6809 instructions as defined by
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parents: 324
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819 Motorola. By default, this does not include any MC6800 compatibility
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parents: 324
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820 instructions. As of LWASM 4.11, those compatibility instructions can be
507f442dc71e Add support for 6800 compatibility instructions.
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parents: 324
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821 enabled using the <CODE
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parents: 324
diff changeset
822 CLASS="PARAMETER"
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823 >--6800compat</CODE
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parents: 324
diff changeset
824 > option or the
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825 <CODE
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parents: 324
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826 CLASS="PARAMETER"
507f442dc71e Add support for 6800 compatibility instructions.
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parents: 324
diff changeset
827 >6800compat</CODE
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parents: 324
diff changeset
828 > pragma. It also supports all known HD6309
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829 instructions. While there is general agreement on the pneumonics for most
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830 of the 6309 instructions, there is some variance with the block transfer
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parents: 324
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831 instructions. TFM for all four variations seems to have gained the most
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832 traction and, thus, this is the form that is recommended for LWASM.
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833 However, it also supports COPY, COPY-, IMP, EXP, TFRP, TFRM, TFRS, and TFRR.
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834 It further adds COPY+ as a synomym for COPY, IMPLODE for IMP, and EXPAND for
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835 EXP. </P
153
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836 ><P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
837 >By default, LWASM accepts 6309 instructions. However, using the
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
838 <CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
839 CLASS="PARAMETER"
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
840 >--6809</CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
841 > parameter, you can cause it to throw errors on
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
842 6309 instructions instead.</P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
843 ><P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
844 >The standard addressing mode specifiers are supported. These are the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
845 hash sign ("#") for immediate mode, the less than sign ("&lt;") for forced
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
846 eight bit modes, and the greater than sign ("&gt;") for forced sixteen bit modes.</P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
847 ><P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
848 >Additionally, LWASM supports using the asterisk ("*") to indicate
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
849 base page addressing. This should not be used in hand-written source code,
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
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850 however, because it is non-standard and may or may not be present in future
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
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851 versions of LWASM.</P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
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852 ></DIV
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
853 ><DIV
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
854 CLASS="SECTION"
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
855 ><HR><H2
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
856 CLASS="SECTION"
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
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857 ><A
333
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858 NAME="AEN206"
153
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parents:
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859 >3.3. Source Format</A
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
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860 ></H2
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
861 ><P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
862 >LWASM accepts plain text files in a relatively free form. It can handle
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
863 lines terminated with CR, LF, CRLF, or LFCR which means it should be able
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
864 to assemble files on any platform on which it compiles.</P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
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865 ><P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
866 >Each line may start with a symbol. If a symbol is present, there must not
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
867 be any whitespace preceding it. It is legal for a line to contain nothing
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
868 but a symbol.</P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
869 ><P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
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870 >The op code is separated from the symbol by whitespace. If there is
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
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871 no symbol, there must be at least one white space character preceding it.
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
872 If applicable, the operand follows separated by whitespace. Following the
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
873 opcode and operand is an optional comment.</P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
874 ><P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
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875 > It is important to note that operands cannot contain any whitespace
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
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876 except in the case of delimited strings. This is because the first
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
877 whitespace character will be interpreted as the separator between the
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
878 operand column and the comment. This behaviour is required for approximate
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
879 source compatibility with other 6x09 assemblers. </P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
880 ><P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
881 >A comment can also be introduced with a * or a ;. The comment character is
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
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882 optional for end of statement comments. However, if a symbol is the only
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
883 thing present on the line other than the comment, the comment character is
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
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884 mandatory to prevent the assembler from interpreting the comment as an opcode.</P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
885 ><P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
886 >For compatibility with the output generated by some C preprocessors, LWASM
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
887 will also ignore lines that begin with a #. This should not be used as a general
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
888 comment character, however.</P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
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889 ><P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
890 >The opcode is not treated case sensitively. Neither are register names in
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
891 the operand fields. Symbols, however, are case sensitive.</P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
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892 ><P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
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893 > As of version 2.6, LWASM supports files with line numbers. If line
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
894 numbers are present, the line must start with a digit. The line number
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
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895 itself must consist only of digits. The line number must then be followed
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lost@l-w.ca
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896 by either the end of the line or exactly one white space character. After
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
897 that white space character, the lines are interpreted exactly as above. </P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
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898 ></DIV
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
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899 ><DIV
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
900 CLASS="SECTION"
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
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901 ><HR><H2
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
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902 CLASS="SECTION"
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903 ><A
333
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904 NAME="AEN216"
153
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905 >3.4. Symbols</A
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
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906 ></H2
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
907 ><P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
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908 >Symbols have no length restriction. They may contain letters, numbers, dots,
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
909 dollar signs, and underscores. They must start with a letter, dot, or
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
910 underscore.</P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
911 ><P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
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912 >LWASM also supports the concept of a local symbol. A local symbol is one
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
913 which contains either a "?" or a "@", which can appear anywhere in the symbol.
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
914 The scope of a local symbol is determined by a number of factors. First,
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
915 each included file gets its own local symbol scope. A blank line will also
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
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916 be considered a local scope barrier. Macros each have their own local symbol
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
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917 scope as well (which has a side effect that you cannot use a local symbol
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
918 as an argument to a macro). There are other factors as well. In general,
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
919 a local symbol is restricted to the block of code it is defined within.</P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
920 ><P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
921 >By default, unless assembling to the os9 target, a "$" in the symbol will
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
922 also make it local. This can be controlled by the "dollarlocal" and
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
923 "nodollarlocal" pragmas. In the absence of a pragma to the contrary, for
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
924 the os9 target, a "$" in the symbol will not make it considered local while
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
925 for all other targets it will.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
926 ></DIV
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
927 ><DIV
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
928 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
929 ><HR><H2
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
930 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
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parents:
diff changeset
931 ><A
333
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932 NAME="AEN221"
153
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parents:
diff changeset
933 >3.5. Numbers and Expressions</A
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
934 ></H2
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
935 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
936 >&#13;Numbers can be expressed in binary, octal, decimal, or hexadecimal. Binary
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
937 numbers may be prefixed with a "%" symbol or suffixed with a "b" or "B".
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
938 Octal numbers may be prefixed with "@" or suffixed with "Q", "q", "O", or
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
939 "o". Hexadecimal numbers may be prefixed with "$", "0x" or "0X", or suffixed
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
940 with "H". No prefix or suffix is required for decimal numbers but they can
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
941 be prefixed with "&amp;" if desired. Any constant which begins with a letter
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
942 must be expressed with the correct prefix base identifier or be prefixed
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
943 with a 0. Thus hexadecimal FF would have to be written either 0FFH or $FF.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
944 Numbers are not case sensitive.&#13;</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
945 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
946 > A symbol may appear at any point where a number is acceptable. The
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
947 special symbol "*" can be used to represent the starting address of the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
948 current source line within expressions. </P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
949 ><P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
950 >The ASCII value of a character can be included by prefixing it with a
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
951 single quote ('). The ASCII values of two characters can be included by
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
952 prefixing the characters with a quote (").</P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
953 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
954 >&#13;LWASM supports the following basic binary operators: +, -, *, /, and %.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
955 These represent addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
956 modulus. It also supports unary negation and unary 1's complement (- and ^
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
957 respectively). It is also possible to use ~ for the unary 1's complement
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
958 operator. For completeness, a unary positive (+) is supported though it is
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
959 a no-op. LWASM also supports using |, &#38;, and ^ for bitwise or, bitwise and,
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
960 and bitwise exclusive or respectively.&#13;</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
961 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
962 >&#13;Operator precedence follows the usual rules. Multiplication, division, and
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
963 modulus take precedence over addition and subtraction. Unary operators take
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
964 precedence over binary operators. Bitwise operators are lower precdence
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
965 than addition and subtraction. To force a specific order of evaluation,
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
966 parentheses can be used in the usual manner.&#13;</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
967 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
968 >&#13;As of LWASM 2.5, the operators &#38;&#38; and || are recognized for boolean and and
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
969 boolean or respectively. They will return either 0 or 1 (false or true).
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
970 They have the lowest precedence of all the binary operators.&#13;</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
971 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
972 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
973 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
974 ><HR><H2
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
975 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
976 ><A
333
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 324
diff changeset
977 NAME="AEN229"
153
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
978 >3.6. Assembler Directives</A
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
979 ></H2
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
980 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
981 >Various directives can be used to control the behaviour of the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
982 assembler or to include non-code/data in the resulting output. Those directives
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
983 that are not described in detail in other sections of this document are
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
984 described below.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
985 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
986 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
987 ><HR><H3
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
988 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
989 ><A
333
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 324
diff changeset
990 NAME="AEN232"
153
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
991 >3.6.1. Data Directives</A
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
992 ></H3
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
993 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
994 ></P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
995 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
996 CLASS="VARIABLELIST"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
997 ><DL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
998 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
999 >FCB <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1000 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1001 >expr[,...]</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1002 >, .DB <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1003 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1004 >expr[,...]</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1005 >, .BYTE <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1006 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1007 >expr[,...]</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1008 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1009 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1010 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1011 >Include one or more constant bytes (separated by commas) in the output.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1012 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1013 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1014 >FDB <CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1015 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1016 >expr[,...]</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1017 >, .DW <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1018 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1019 >expr[,...]</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1020 >, .WORD <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1021 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1022 >expr[,...]</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1023 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1024 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1025 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1026 >Include one or more words (separated by commas) in the output.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1027 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1028 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1029 >FQB <CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1030 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1031 >expr[,...]</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1032 >, .QUAD <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1033 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1034 >expr[,...]</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1035 >, .4BYTE <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1036 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1037 >expr[,...]</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1038 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1039 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1040 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1041 >Include one or more double words (separated by commas) in the output.</P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1042 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1043 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1044 >FCC <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1045 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1046 >string</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1047 >, .ASCII <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1048 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1049 >string</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1050 >, .STR <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1051 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1052 >string</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1053 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1054 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1055 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1056 >Include a string of text in the output. The first character of the operand
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1057 is the delimiter which must appear as the last character and cannot appear
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1058 within the string. The string is included with no modifications&#62;</P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1059 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1060 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1061 >FCN <CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1062 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1063 >string</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1064 >, .ASCIZ <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1065 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1066 >string</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1067 >, .STRZ <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1068 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1069 >string</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1070 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1071 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1072 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1073 >Include a NUL terminated string of text in the output. The first character of
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1074 the operand is the delimiter which must appear as the last character and
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1075 cannot appear within the string. A NUL byte is automatically appended to
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1076 the string.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1077 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1078 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1079 >FCS <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1080 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1081 >string</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1082 >, .ASCIS <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1083 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1084 >string</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1085 >, .STRS <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1086 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1087 >string</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1088 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1089 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1090 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1091 >Include a string of text in the output with bit 7 of the final byte set. The
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1092 first character of the operand is the delimiter which must appear as the last
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1093 character and cannot appear within the string.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1094 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1095 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1096 >ZMB <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1097 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1098 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1099 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1100 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1101 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1102 >Include a number of NUL bytes in the output. The number must be fully resolvable
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1103 during pass 1 of assembly so no forward or external references are permitted.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1104 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1105 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1106 >ZMD <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1107 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1108 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1109 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1110 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1111 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1112 >Include a number of zero words in the output. The number must be fully
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1113 resolvable during pass 1 of assembly so no forward or external references are
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1114 permitted.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1115 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1116 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1117 >ZMQ <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1118 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1119 >expr<CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1120 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1121 ></CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1122 ></CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1123 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1124 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1125 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1126 >Include a number of zero double-words in the output. The number must be fully
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1127 resolvable during pass 1 of assembly so no forward or external references are
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1128 permitted.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1129 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1130 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1131 >RMB <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1132 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1133 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1134 >, .BLKB <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1135 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1136 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1137 >, .DS <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1138 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1139 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1140 >, .RS <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1141 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1142 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1143 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1144 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1145 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1146 >Reserve a number of bytes in the output. The number must be fully resolvable
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1147 during pass 1 of assembly so no forward or external references are permitted.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1148 The value of the bytes is undefined.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1149 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1150 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1151 >RMD <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1152 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1153 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1154 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1155 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1156 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1157 >Reserve a number of words in the output. The number must be fully
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1158 resolvable during pass 1 of assembly so no forward or external references are
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1159 permitted. The value of the words is undefined.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1160 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1161 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1162 >RMQ <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1163 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1164 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1165 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1166 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1167 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1168 >Reserve a number of double-words in the output. The number must be fully
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1169 resolvable during pass 1 of assembly so no forward or external references are
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1170 permitted. The value of the double-words is undefined.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1171 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1172 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1173 >INCLUDEBIN <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1174 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1175 >filename</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1176 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1177 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1178 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1179 >Treat the contents of <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1180 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1181 >filename</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1182 > as a string of bytes to
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1183 be included literally at the current assembly point. This has the same effect
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1184 as converting the file contents to a series of FCB statements and including
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1185 those at the current assembly point.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1186 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1187 > If <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1188 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1189 >filename</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1190 > beings with a /, the file name
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1191 will be taken as absolute. Otherwise, the current directory will be
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1192 searched followed by the search path in the order specified.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1193 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1194 > Please note that absolute path detection including drive letters will
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1195 not function correctly on Windows platforms. Non-absolute inclusion will
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1196 work, however.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1197 ></DD
254
155799f6cfa5 Add documentation for the FILL pseudo operation
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 253
diff changeset
1198 ><DT
155799f6cfa5 Add documentation for the FILL pseudo operation
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 253
diff changeset
1199 >FILL <CODE
155799f6cfa5 Add documentation for the FILL pseudo operation
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 253
diff changeset
1200 CLASS="PARAMETER"
155799f6cfa5 Add documentation for the FILL pseudo operation
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 253
diff changeset
1201 >size</CODE
155799f6cfa5 Add documentation for the FILL pseudo operation
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 253
diff changeset
1202 >,<CODE
155799f6cfa5 Add documentation for the FILL pseudo operation
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 253
diff changeset
1203 CLASS="PARAMETER"
155799f6cfa5 Add documentation for the FILL pseudo operation
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 253
diff changeset
1204 >byte</CODE
155799f6cfa5 Add documentation for the FILL pseudo operation
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 253
diff changeset
1205 ></DT
155799f6cfa5 Add documentation for the FILL pseudo operation
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 253
diff changeset
1206 ><DD
155799f6cfa5 Add documentation for the FILL pseudo operation
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 253
diff changeset
1207 ><P
155799f6cfa5 Add documentation for the FILL pseudo operation
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 253
diff changeset
1208 >Insert <CODE
155799f6cfa5 Add documentation for the FILL pseudo operation
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 253
diff changeset
1209 CLASS="PARAMETER"
155799f6cfa5 Add documentation for the FILL pseudo operation
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 253
diff changeset
1210 >size</CODE
155799f6cfa5 Add documentation for the FILL pseudo operation
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 253
diff changeset
1211 > bytes of <CODE
155799f6cfa5 Add documentation for the FILL pseudo operation
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 253
diff changeset
1212 CLASS="PARAMETER"
155799f6cfa5 Add documentation for the FILL pseudo operation
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 253
diff changeset
1213 >byte</CODE
155799f6cfa5 Add documentation for the FILL pseudo operation
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 253
diff changeset
1214 >.</P
155799f6cfa5 Add documentation for the FILL pseudo operation
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 253
diff changeset
1215 ></DD
153
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1216 ></DL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1217 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1218 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1219 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1220 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1221 ><HR><H3
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1222 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1223 ><A
333
507f442dc71e Add support for 6800 compatibility instructions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 324
diff changeset
1224 NAME="AEN343"
153
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1225 >3.6.2. Address Definition</A
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1226 ></H3
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1227 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1228 >The directives in this section all control the addresses of symbols
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1229 or the assembly process itself.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1230 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1231 ></P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1232 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1233 CLASS="VARIABLELIST"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1234 ><DL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1235 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1236 >ORG <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1237 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1238 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1239 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1240 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1241 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1242 >Set the assembly address. The address must be fully resolvable on the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1243 first pass so no external or forward references are permitted. ORG is not
324
b30091890d62 Add documentation of the new hex output formats.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 316
diff changeset
1244 permitted within sections when outputting to object files. For target formats
b30091890d62 Add documentation of the new hex output formats.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 316
diff changeset
1245 that include address information (decb, hex, srec, and ihex), an ORG
b30091890d62 Add documentation of the new hex output formats.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 316
diff changeset
1246 directive will re-start the address sequence within the output. When using
b30091890d62 Add documentation of the new hex output formats.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 316
diff changeset
1247 the raw target format, ORG is used only to determine the addresses of symbols.</P
153
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1248 ></DD
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1249 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1250 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1251 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1252 >sym</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1253 > EQU <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1254 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1255 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1256 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1257 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1258 >sym</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1259 > = <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1260 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1261 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1262 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1263 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1264 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1265 >Define the value of <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1266 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1267 >sym</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1268 > to be <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1269 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1270 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1271 >.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1272 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1273 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1274 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1275 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1276 >sym</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1277 > SET <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1278 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1279 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1280 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1281 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1282 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1283 >Define the value of <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1284 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1285 >sym</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1286 > to be <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1287 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1288 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1289 >.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1290 Unlike EQU, SET permits symbols to be defined multiple times as long as SET
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1291 is used for all instances. Use of the symbol before the first SET statement
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1292 that sets its value is undefined.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1293 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1294 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1295 >SETDP <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1296 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1297 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1298 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1299 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1300 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1301 >Inform the assembler that it can assume the DP register contains
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1302 <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1303 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1304 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1305 >. This directive is only advice to the assembler
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1306 to determine whether an address is in the direct page and has no effect
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1307 on the contents of the DP register. The value must be fully resolved during
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1308 the first assembly pass because it affects the sizes of subsequent instructions.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1309 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1310 >This directive has no effect in the object file target.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1311 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1312 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1313 >ALIGN <CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1314 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1315 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1316 >[,<CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1317 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1318 >value</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1319 >]</DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1320 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1321 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1322 >Force the current assembly address to be a multiple of
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1323 <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1324 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1325 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1326 >. If <CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1327 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1328 >value</CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1329 > is not
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1330 specified, a series of NUL bytes is output to force the alignment, if
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1331 required. Otherwise, the low order 8 bits of <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1332 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1333 >value</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1334 >
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1335 will be used as the fill. The alignment value must be fully resolved on the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1336 first pass because it affects the addresses of subsquent instructions.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1337 However, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1338 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1339 >value</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1340 > may include forward references; as
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1341 long as it resolves to a constant for the second pass, the value will be
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1342 accepted.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1343 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1344 >Unless <CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1345 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1346 >value</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1347 > is specified as something like $12,
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1348 this directive is not suitable for inclusion in the middle of actual code.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1349 The default padding value is $00 which is intended to be used within data
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1350 blocks. </P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1351 ></DD
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1352 ></DL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1353 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1354 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1355 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1356 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1357 ><HR><H3
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1358 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1359 ><A
333
507f442dc71e Add support for 6800 compatibility instructions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 324
diff changeset
1360 NAME="AEN390"
153
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1361 >3.6.3. Conditional Assembly</A
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1362 ></H3
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1363 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1364 >Portions of the source code can be excluded or included based on conditions
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1365 known at assembly time. Conditionals can be nested arbitrarily deeply. The
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1366 directives associated with conditional assembly are described in this section.</P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1367 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1368 >All conditionals must be fully bracketed. That is, every conditional
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1369 statement must eventually be followed by an ENDC at the same level of nesting.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1370 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1371 >Conditional expressions are only evaluated on the first assembly pass.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1372 It is not possible to game the assembly process by having a conditional
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1373 change its value between assembly passes. Due to the underlying architecture
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1374 of LWASM, there is no possible utility to IFP1 and IFP2, nor can they, as of LWASM 3.0, actually
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1375 be implemented meaningfully. Thus there is not and never will
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1376 be any equivalent of IFP1 or IFP2 as provided by other assemblers. Use of those opcodes
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1377 will throw a warning and be ignored.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1378 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1379 >It is important to note that if a conditional does not resolve to a constant
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1380 during the first parsing pass, an error will be thrown. This is unavoidable because the assembler
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1381 must make a decision about which source to include and which source to exclude at this stage.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1382 Thus, expressions that work normally elsewhere will not work for conditions.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1383 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1384 ></P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1385 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1386 CLASS="VARIABLELIST"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1387 ><DL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1388 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1389 >IFEQ <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1390 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1391 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1392 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1393 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1394 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1395 >If <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1396 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1397 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1398 > evaluates to zero, the conditional
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1399 will be considered true.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1400 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1401 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1402 >IFNE <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1403 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1404 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1405 >, IF <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1406 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1407 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1408 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1409 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1410 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1411 >If <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1412 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1413 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1414 > evaluates to a non-zero value, the conditional
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1415 will be considered true.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1416 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1417 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1418 >IFGT <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1419 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1420 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1421 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1422 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1423 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1424 >If <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1425 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1426 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1427 > evaluates to a value greater than zero, the conditional
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1428 will be considered true.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1429 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1430 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1431 >IFGE <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1432 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1433 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1434 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1435 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1436 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1437 >If <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1438 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1439 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1440 > evaluates to a value greater than or equal to zero, the conditional
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1441 will be considered true.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1442 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1443 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1444 >IFLT <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1445 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1446 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1447 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1448 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1449 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1450 >If <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1451 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1452 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1453 > evaluates to a value less than zero, the conditional
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1454 will be considered true.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1455 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1456 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1457 >IFLE <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1458 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1459 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1460 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1461 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1462 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1463 >If <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1464 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1465 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1466 > evaluates to a value less than or equal to zero , the conditional
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1467 will be considered true.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1468 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1469 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1470 >IFDEF <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1471 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1472 >sym</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1473 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1474 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1475 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1476 >If <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1477 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1478 >sym</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1479 > is defined at this point in the assembly
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1480 process, the conditional
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1481 will be considered true.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1482 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1483 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1484 >IFNDEF <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1485 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1486 >sym</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1487 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1488 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1489 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1490 >If <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1491 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1492 >sym</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1493 > is not defined at this point in the assembly
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1494 process, the conditional
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1495 will be considered true.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1496 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1497 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1498 >ELSE</DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1499 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1500 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1501 >If the preceding conditional at the same level of nesting was false, the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1502 statements following will be assembled. If the preceding conditional at
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1503 the same level was true, the statements following will not be assembled.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1504 Note that the preceding conditional might have been another ELSE statement
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1505 although this behaviour is not guaranteed to be supported in future versions
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1506 of LWASM.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1507 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1508 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1509 >ENDC</DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1510 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1511 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1512 >This directive marks the end of a conditional construct. Every conditional
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1513 construct must end with an ENDC directive.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1514 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1515 ></DL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1516 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1517 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1518 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1519 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1520 ><HR><H3
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1521 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1522 ><A
333
507f442dc71e Add support for 6800 compatibility instructions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 324
diff changeset
1523 NAME="AEN455"
153
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1524 >3.6.4. OS9 Target Directives</A
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1525 ></H3
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1526 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1527 >This section includes directives that apply solely to the OS9
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1528 target.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1529 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1530 ></P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1531 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1532 CLASS="VARIABLELIST"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1533 ><DL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1534 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1535 >OS9 <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1536 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1537 >syscall</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1538 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1539 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1540 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1541 >&#13;This directive generates a call to the specified system call. <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1542 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1543 >syscall</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1544 > may be an arbitrary expression.&#13;</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1545 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1546 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1547 >MOD <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1548 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1549 >size</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1550 >,<CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1551 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1552 >name</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1553 >,<CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1554 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1555 >type</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1556 >,<CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1557 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1558 >flags</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1559 >,<CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1560 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1561 >execoff</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1562 >,<CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1563 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1564 >datasize</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1565 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1566 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1567 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1568 >&#13;This tells LWASM that the beginning of the actual module is here. It will
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1569 generate a module header based on the parameters specified. It will also
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1570 begin calcuating the module CRC.&#13;</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1571 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1572 >&#13;The precise meaning of the various parameters is beyond the scope of this
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1573 document since it is not a tutorial on OS9 module programming.&#13;</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1574 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1575 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1576 >EMOD</DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1577 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1578 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1579 >&#13;This marks the end of a module and causes LWASM to emit the calculated CRC
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1580 for the module.&#13;</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1581 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1582 ></DL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1583 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1584 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1585 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1586 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1587 ><HR><H3
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1588 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1589 ><A
333
507f442dc71e Add support for 6800 compatibility instructions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 324
diff changeset
1590 NAME="AEN480"
153
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1591 >3.6.5. Miscelaneous Directives</A
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1592 ></H3
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1593 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1594 >This section includes directives that do not fit into the other
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1595 categories.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1596 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1597 ></P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1598 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1599 CLASS="VARIABLELIST"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1600 ><DL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1601 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1602 >INCLUDE <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1603 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1604 >filename</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1605 >, USE <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1606 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1607 >filename</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1608 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1609 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1610 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1611 > Include the contents of <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1612 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1613 >filename</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1614 > at
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1615 this point in the assembly as though it were a part of the file currently
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1616 being processed. Note that if whitespace appears in the name of the file,
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1617 you must enclose <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1618 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1619 >filename</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1620 > in quotes.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1621 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1622 >Note that the USE variation is provided only for compatibility with other
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1623 assemblers. It is recommended to use the INCLUDE variation.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1624 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1625 >If <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1626 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1627 >filename</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1628 > begins with a &quot;/&quot;, it is
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1629 interpreted as an absolute path. If it does not, the search path will be used
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1630 to find the file. First, the directory containing the file that contains this
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1631 directive. (Includes within an included file are relative to the included file,
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1632 not the file that included it.) If the file is not found there, the include path
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1633 is searched. If it is still not found, an error will be thrown. Note that the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1634 current directory as understood by your shell or operating system is not searched.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1635 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1636 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1637 >END <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1638 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1639 >[expr]</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1640 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1641 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1642 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1643 >This directive causes the assembler to stop assembling immediately as though
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1644 it ran out of input. For the DECB target only, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1645 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1646 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1647 >
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1648 can be used to set the execution address of the resulting binary. For all
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1649 other targets, specifying <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1650 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1651 >expr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1652 > will cause an error.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1653 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1654 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1655 >ERROR <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1656 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1657 >string</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1658 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1659 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1660 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1661 >Causes a custom error message to be printed at this line. This will cause
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1662 assembly to fail. This directive is most useful inside conditional constructs
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1663 to cause assembly to fail if some condition that is known bad happens. Everything
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1664 from the directive to the end of the line is considered the error message.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1665 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1666 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1667 >WARNING <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1668 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1669 >string</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1670 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1671 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1672 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1673 >Causes a custom warning message to be printed at this line. This will not cause
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1674 assembly to fail. This directive is most useful inside conditional constructs
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1675 or include files to alert the programmer to a deprecated feature being used
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1676 or some other condition that may cause trouble later, but which may, in fact,
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1677 not cause any trouble.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1678 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1679 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1680 >.MODULE <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1681 CLASS="PARAMETER"
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1682 >string</CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1683 ></DT
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1684 ><DD
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1685 ><P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1686 >This directive is ignored for most output targets. If the output target
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1687 supports encoding a module name into it, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1688 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1689 >string</CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1690 >
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1691 will be used as the module name.</P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1692 ><P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1693 >As of version 3.0, no supported output targets support this directive.</P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1694 ></DD
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1695 ></DL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1696 ></DIV
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1697 ></DIV
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1698 ></DIV
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1699 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1700 CLASS="SECTION"
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1701 ><HR><H2
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1702 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1703 ><A
333
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
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1704 NAME="AEN520"
153
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parents:
diff changeset
1705 >3.7. Macros</A
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1706 ></H2
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1707 ><P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1708 >LWASM is a macro assembler. A macro is simply a name that stands in for a
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1709 series of instructions. Once a macro is defined, it is used like any other
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1710 assembler directive. Defining a macro can be considered equivalent to adding
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1711 additional assembler directives.</P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1712 ><P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1713 >Macros may accept parameters. These parameters are referenced within a
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1714 macro by the a backslash ("\") followed by a digit 1 through 9 for the first
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1715 through ninth parameters. They may also be referenced by enclosing the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1716 decimal parameter number in braces ("{num}"). The special expansion "\*"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1717 translates to the exact parameter string, including all parameters, passed
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1718 to the macro. These parameter references are replaced with the verbatim text
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1719 of the parameter passed to the macro. A reference to a non-existent
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1720 parameter will be replaced by an empty string. Macro parameters are expanded
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1721 everywhere on each source line. That means the parameter to a macro could be
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1722 used as a symbol or it could even appear in a comment or could cause an
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1723 entire source line to be commented out when the macro is expanded. </P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1724 ><P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1725 >Parameters passed to a macro are separated by commas and the parameter list
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1726 is terminated by any whitespace. This means that neither a comma nor whitespace
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1727 may be included in a macro parameter.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1728 ><P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1729 >Macro expansion is done recursively. That is, within a macro, macros are
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1730 expanded. This can lead to infinite loops in macro expansion. If the assembler
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1731 hangs for a long time while assembling a file that uses macros, this may be
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1732 the reason.</P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1733 ><P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1734 >Each macro expansion receives its own local symbol context which is not
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1735 inherited by any macros called by it nor is it inherited from the context
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1736 the macro was instantiated in. That means it is possible to use local symbols
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1737 within macros without having them collide with symbols in other macros or
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1738 outside the macro itself. However, this also means that using a local symbol
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1739 as a parameter to a macro, while legal, will not do what it would seem to do
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1740 as it will result in looking up the local symbol in the macro's symbol context
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1741 rather than the enclosing context where it came from, likely yielding either
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1742 an undefined symbol error or bizarre assembly results.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1743 ><P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1744 >Note that there is no way to define a macro as local to a symbol context. All
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1745 macros are part of the global macro namespace. However, macros have a separate
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1746 namespace from symbols so it is possible to have a symbol with the same name
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1747 as a macro.</P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1748 ><P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1749 >Macros are defined only during the first pass. Macro expansion also
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1750 only occurs during the first pass. On the second pass, the macro
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1751 definition is simply ignored. Macros must be defined before they are used.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1752 ><P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1753 >The following directives are used when defining macros.</P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1754 ><P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1755 ></P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1756 ><DIV
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1757 CLASS="VARIABLELIST"
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1758 ><DL
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1759 ><DT
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1760 ><CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1761 CLASS="PARAMETER"
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1762 >macroname</CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1763 > MACRO [NOEXPAND]</DT
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1764 ><DD
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1765 ><P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1766 >This directive is used to being the definition of a macro called
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1767 <CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1768 CLASS="PARAMETER"
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1769 >macroname</CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1770 >. If <CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1771 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1772 >macroname</CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1773 > already
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1774 exists, it is considered an error. Attempting to define a macro within a
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1775 macro is undefined. It may work and it may not so the behaviour should not
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1776 be relied upon.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1777 ><P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1778 >If NOEXPAND is specified, the macro will not be expanded in a program
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1779 listing. Instead, all bytes emitted by all instructions within the macro
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1780 will appear to be emitted on the line where the macro is invoked, starting
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1781 at the address of the line of the invokation. If the macro uses ORG or other
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1782 directives that define symbols or change the assembly address, these things
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1783 will also be hidden (except in the symbol table) and the output bytes will
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1784 appear with incorrect address attribution. Thus, NOEXPAND should only be
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1785 used for macros that do not mess with the assembly address or otherwise
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1786 define symbols that should be visible.</P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1787 ></DD
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1788 ><DT
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1789 >ENDM</DT
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1790 ><DD
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1791 ><P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1792 >This directive indicates the end of the macro currently being defined. It
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1793 causes the assembler to resume interpreting source lines as normal.</P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1794 ></DD
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1795 ></DL
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1796 ></DIV
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1797 ></DIV
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1798 ><DIV
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1799 CLASS="SECTION"
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1800 ><HR><H2
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1801 CLASS="SECTION"
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1802 ><A
333
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William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 324
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1803 NAME="AEN543"
153
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parents:
diff changeset
1804 >3.8. Structures</A
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1805 ></H2
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1806 ><P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1807 >&#13;Structures are used to group related data in a fixed structure. A structure
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1808 consists a number of fields, defined in sequential order and which take up
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1809 specified size. The assembler does not enforce any means of access within a
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1810 structure; it assumes that whatever you are doing, you intended to do.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1811 There are two pseudo ops that are used for defining structures.&#13;</P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1812 ><P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1813 ></P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1814 ><DIV
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1815 CLASS="VARIABLELIST"
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1816 ><DL
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1817 ><DT
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1818 ><CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1819 CLASS="PARAMETER"
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1820 >structname</CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1821 > STRUCT</DT
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1822 ><DD
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1823 ><P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1824 >&#13;This directive is used to begin the definition of a structure with name
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1825 <CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1826 CLASS="PARAMETER"
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1827 >structname</CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1828 >. Subsequent statements all form part of
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1829 the structure definition until the end of the structure is declared.&#13;</P
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parents:
diff changeset
1830 ></DD
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parents:
diff changeset
1831 ><DT
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1832 >ENDSTRUCT, ENDS</DT
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1833 ><DD
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1834 ><P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1835 >This directive ends the definition of the structure. ENDSTRUCT is the
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1836 preferred form. Prior to version 3.0 of LWASM, ENDS was used to end a
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1837 section instead of a structure.</P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1838 ></DD
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1839 ></DL
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parents:
diff changeset
1840 ></DIV
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parents:
diff changeset
1841 ><P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1842 >&#13;Within a structure definition, only reservation pseudo ops are permitted.
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1843 Anything else will cause an assembly error.</P
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parents:
diff changeset
1844 ><P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1845 > Once a structure is defined, you can reserve an area of memory in the
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1846 same structure by using the structure name as the opcode. Structures can
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1847 also contain fields that are themselves structures. See the example
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1848 below.</P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1849 ><PRE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1850 CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1851 >tstruct2 STRUCT
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1852 f1 rmb 1
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1853 f2 rmb 1
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parents:
diff changeset
1854 ENDSTRUCT
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parents:
diff changeset
1855
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1856 tstruct STRUCT
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1857 field1 rmb 2
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1858 field2 rmb 3
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parents:
diff changeset
1859 field3 tstruct2
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parents:
diff changeset
1860 ENDSTRUCT
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parents:
diff changeset
1861
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parents:
diff changeset
1862 ORG $2000
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parents:
diff changeset
1863 var1 tstruct
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1864 var2 tstruct2</PRE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1865 ><P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1866 >Fields are referenced using a dot (.) as a separator. To refer to the
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1867 generic offset within a structure, use the structure name to the left of the
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parents:
diff changeset
1868 dot. If referring to a field within an actual variable, use the variable's
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1869 symbol name to the left of the dot.</P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1870 ><P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1871 >You can also refer to the actual size of a structure (or a variable
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1872 declared as a structure) using the special symbol sizeof{structname} where
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1873 structname will be the name of the structure or the name of the
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1874 variable.</P
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parents:
diff changeset
1875 ><P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1876 >Essentially, structures are a shortcut for defining a vast number of
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1877 symbols. When a structure is defined, the assembler creates symbols for the
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1878 various fields in the form structname.fieldname as well as the appropriate
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1879 sizeof{structname} symbol. When a variable is declared as a structure, the
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1880 assembler does the same thing using the name of the variable. You will see
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parents:
diff changeset
1881 these symbols in the symbol table when the assembler is instructed to
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1882 provide a listing. For instance, the above listing will create the
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1883 following symbols (symbol values in parentheses): tstruct2.f1 (0),
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1884 tstruct2.f2 (1), sizeof{tstruct2} (2), tstruct.field1 (0), tstruct.field2
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1885 (2), tstruct.field3 (5), tstruct.field3.f1 (5), tstruct.field3.f2 (6),
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1886 sizeof{tstruct.field3} (2), sizeof{tstruct} (7), var1 {$2000}, var1.field1
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lost@l-w.ca
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diff changeset
1887 {$2000}, var1.field2 {$2002}, var1.field3 {$2005}, var1.field3.f1 {$2005},
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1888 var1.field3.f2 {$2006}, sizeof(var1.field3} (2), sizeof{var1} (7), var2
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1889 ($2007), var2.f1 ($2007), var2.f2 ($2008), sizeof{var2} (2). </P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1890 ></DIV
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parents:
diff changeset
1891 ><DIV
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parents:
diff changeset
1892 CLASS="SECTION"
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parents:
diff changeset
1893 ><HR><H2
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parents:
diff changeset
1894 CLASS="SECTION"
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diff changeset
1895 ><A
333
507f442dc71e Add support for 6800 compatibility instructions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 324
diff changeset
1896 NAME="AEN564"
153
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diff changeset
1897 >3.9. Object Files and Sections</A
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parents:
diff changeset
1898 ></H2
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1899 ><P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1900 >The object file target is very useful for large project because it allows
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1901 multiple files to be assembled independently and then linked into the final
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1902 binary at a later time. It allows only the small portion of the project
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1903 that was modified to be re-assembled rather than requiring the entire set
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1904 of source code to be available to the assembler in a single assembly process.
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1905 This can be particularly important if there are a large number of macros,
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1906 symbol definitions, or other metadata that uses resources at assembly time.
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1907 By far the largest benefit, however, is keeping the source files small enough
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1908 for a mere mortal to find things in them.</P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1909 ><P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1910 >With multi-file projects, there needs to be a means of resolving references to
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1911 symbols in other source files. These are known as external references. The
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1912 addresses of these symbols cannot be known until the linker joins all the
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1913 object files into a single binary. This means that the assembler must be
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1914 able to output the object code without knowing the value of the symbol. This
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1915 places some restrictions on the code generated by the assembler. For
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1916 example, the assembler cannot generate direct page addressing for instructions
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1917 that reference external symbols because the address of the symbol may not
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1918 be in the direct page. Similarly, relative branches and PC relative addressing
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1919 cannot be used in their eight bit forms. Everything that must be resolved
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1920 by the linker must be assembled to use the largest address size possible to
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1921 allow the linker to fill in the correct value at link time. Note that the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1922 same problem applies to absolute address references as well, even those in
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1923 the same source file, because the address is not known until link time.</P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1924 ><P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1925 >It is often desired in multi-file projects to have code of various types grouped
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1926 together in the final binary generated by the linker as well. The same applies
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1927 to data. In order for the linker to do that, the bits that are to be grouped
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1928 must be tagged in some manner. This is where the concept of sections comes in.
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parents:
diff changeset
1929 Each chunk of code or data is part of a section in the object file. Then,
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1930 when the linker reads all the object files, it coalesces all sections of the
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1931 same name into a single section and then considers it as a unit.</P
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1932 ><P
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1933 >The existence of sections, however, raises a problem for symbols even
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1934 within the same source file. Thus, the assembler must treat symbols from
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1935 different sections within the same source file in the same manner as external
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1936 symbols. That is, it must leave them for the linker to resolve at link time,
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diff changeset
1937 with all the limitations that entails.</P
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parents:
diff changeset
1938 ><P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1939 >In the object file target mode, LWASM requires all source lines that
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1940 cause bytes to be output to be inside a section. Any directives that do
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lost@l-w.ca
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1941 not cause any bytes to be output can appear outside of a section. This includes
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1942 such things as EQU or RMB. Even ORG can appear outside a section. ORG, however,
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1943 makes no sense within a section because it is the linker that determines
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1944 the starting address of the section's code, not the assembler.</P
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1945 ><P
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parents:
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1946 >All symbols defined globally in the assembly process are local to the
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1947 source file and cannot be exported. All symbols defined within a section are
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1948 considered local to the source file unless otherwise explicitly exported.
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1949 Symbols referenced from external source files must be declared external,
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parents:
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1950 either explicitly or by asking the assembler to assume that all undefined
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lost@l-w.ca
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1951 symbols are external.</P
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parents:
diff changeset
1952 ><P
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parents:
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1953 >It is often handy to define a number of memory addresses that will be
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1954 used for data at run-time but which need not be included in the binary file.
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1955 These memory addresses are not initialized until run-time, either by the
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1956 program itself or by the program loader, depending on the operating environment.
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1957 Such sections are often known as BSS sections. LWASM supports generating
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1958 sections with a BSS attribute set which causes the section definition including
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1959 symbols exported from that section and those symbols required to resolve
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1960 references from the local file, but with no actual code in the object file.
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1961 It is illegal for any source lines within a BSS flagged section to cause any
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1962 bytes to be output.</P
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1963 ><P
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1964 >The following directives apply to section handling.</P
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1965 ><P
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1966 ></P
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1967 ><DIV
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1968 CLASS="VARIABLELIST"
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1969 ><DL
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parents:
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1970 ><DT
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parents:
diff changeset
1971 >SECTION <CODE
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parents:
diff changeset
1972 CLASS="PARAMETER"
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parents:
diff changeset
1973 >name[,flags]</CODE
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parents:
diff changeset
1974 >, SECT <CODE
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parents:
diff changeset
1975 CLASS="PARAMETER"
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parents:
diff changeset
1976 >name[,flags]</CODE
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parents:
diff changeset
1977 >, .AREA <CODE
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parents:
diff changeset
1978 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1979 >name[,flags]</CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1980 ></DT
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parents:
diff changeset
1981 ><DD
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1982 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1983 >Instructs the assembler that the code following this directive is to be
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1984 considered part of the section <CODE
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parents:
diff changeset
1985 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1986 >name</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1987 >. A section name
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
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parents:
diff changeset
1988 may appear multiple times in which case it is as though all the code from
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1989 all the instances of that section appeared adjacent within the source file.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
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parents:
diff changeset
1990 However, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1991 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1992 >flags</CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
1993 > may only be specified on the first
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
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parents:
diff changeset
1994 instance of the section.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
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parents:
diff changeset
1995 ><P
168
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parents: 153
diff changeset
1996 ><CODE
153
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parents:
diff changeset
1997 CLASS="PARAMETER"
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parents:
diff changeset
1998 >flags</CODE
168
1e0a0e6cd918 Documentation updates
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parents: 153
diff changeset
1999 > is a comma separated list of flags. If a
1e0a0e6cd918 Documentation updates
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parents: 153
diff changeset
2000 flag is "bss", the section will be treated as a BSS section and no
1e0a0e6cd918 Documentation updates
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parents: 153
diff changeset
2001 statements that generate output are permitted.</P
1e0a0e6cd918 Documentation updates
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parents: 153
diff changeset
2002 ><P
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parents: 153
diff changeset
2003 >If the flag is "constant",
1e0a0e6cd918 Documentation updates
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parents: 153
diff changeset
2004 the same restrictions apply as for BSS sections. Additionally, all symbols
1e0a0e6cd918 Documentation updates
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parents: 153
diff changeset
2005 defined in a constant section define absolute values and will not be
1e0a0e6cd918 Documentation updates
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parents: 153
diff changeset
2006 adjusted by the linker at link time. Constant sections cannot define
1e0a0e6cd918 Documentation updates
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parents: 153
diff changeset
2007 complex expressions for symbols; the value must be fully defined at assembly
1e0a0e6cd918 Documentation updates
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parents: 153
diff changeset
2008 time. Additionally, multiple instances of a constant section do not
1e0a0e6cd918 Documentation updates
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parents: 153
diff changeset
2009 coalesce into a single addressing unit; each instance starts again at offset
1e0a0e6cd918 Documentation updates
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parents: 153
diff changeset
2010 0.</P
153
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parents:
diff changeset
2011 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2012 >If the section name is "bss" or ".bss" in any combination of upper and
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2013 lower case, the section is assumed to be a BSS section. In that case,
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2014 the flag <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2015 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2016 >!bss</CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2017 > can be used to override this assumption.</P
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2018 ><P
168
1e0a0e6cd918 Documentation updates
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parents: 153
diff changeset
2019 > If the section name is "_constants" or "_constant", in any
1e0a0e6cd918 Documentation updates
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parents: 153
diff changeset
2020 combination of upper and lower case, the section is assumed to be a constant
1e0a0e6cd918 Documentation updates
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parents: 153
diff changeset
2021 section. This assumption can be overridden with the "!constant"
1e0a0e6cd918 Documentation updates
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parents: 153
diff changeset
2022 flag.</P
1e0a0e6cd918 Documentation updates
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parents: 153
diff changeset
2023 ><P
153
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2024 >If assembly is already happening within a section, the section is implicitly
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2025 ended and the new section started. This is not considered an error although
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2026 it is recommended that all sections be explicitly closed.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2027 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2028 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2029 >ENDSECTION, ENDSECT</DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2030 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2031 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2032 >This directive ends the current section. This puts assembly outside of any
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2033 sections until the next SECTION directive. ENDSECTION is the preferred form.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2034 Prior to version 3.0 of LWASM, ENDS could also be used to end a section but
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2035 as of version 3.0, it is now an alias for ENDSTRUCT instead.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2036 ></DD
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2037 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2038 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2039 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2040 >sym</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2041 > EXTERN, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2042 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2043 >sym</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2044 > EXTERNAL, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2045 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2046 >sym</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2047 > IMPORT</DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2048 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2049 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2050 >This directive defines <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2051 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2052 >sym</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2053 > as an external symbol.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2054 This directive may occur at any point in the source code. EXTERN definitions
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2055 are resolved on the first pass so an EXTERN definition anywhere in the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2056 source file is valid for the entire file. The use of this directive is
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2057 optional when the assembler is instructed to assume that all undefined
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2058 symbols are external. In fact, in that mode, if the symbol is referenced
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2059 before the EXTERN directive, an error will occur.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2060 ></DD
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2061 ><DT
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2062 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2063 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2064 >sym</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2065 > EXPORT, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2066 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2067 >sym</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2068 > .GLOBL, EXPORT <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2069 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2070 >sym</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2071 >, .GLOBL <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2072 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2073 >sym</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2074 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2075 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2076 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2077 >This directive defines <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2078 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2079 >sym</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2080 > as an exported symbol.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2081 This directive may occur at any point in the source code, even before the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2082 definition of the exported symbol.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2083 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2084 >Note that <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2085 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2086 >sym</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2087 > may appear as the operand or as the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2088 statement's symbol. If there is a symbol on the statement, that will
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2089 take precedence over any operand that is present.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2090 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2091 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2092 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2093 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2094 >sym</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2095 > EXTDEP</DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2096 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2097 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2098 >This directive forces an external dependency on
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2099 <CODE
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parents:
diff changeset
2100 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2101 >sym</CODE
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2102 >, even if it is never referenced anywhere else in
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2103 this file.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2104 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2105 ></DL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2106 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2107 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2108 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2109 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2110 ><HR><H2
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2111 CLASS="SECTION"
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2112 ><A
333
507f442dc71e Add support for 6800 compatibility instructions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 324
diff changeset
2113 NAME="AEN628"
153
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parents:
diff changeset
2114 >3.10. Assembler Modes and Pragmas</A
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2115 ></H2
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2116 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2117 >There are a number of options that affect the way assembly is performed.
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2118 Some of these options can only be specified on the command line because
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2119 they determine something absolute about the assembly process. These include
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2120 such things as the output target. Other things may be switchable during
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2121 the assembly process. These are known as pragmas and are, by definition,
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2122 not portable between assemblers.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2123 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2124 >LWASM supports a number of pragmas that affect code generation or
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2125 otherwise affect the behaviour of the assembler. These may be specified by
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2126 way of a command line option or by assembler directives. The directives
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2127 are as follows.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2128 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2129 ></P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2130 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2131 CLASS="VARIABLELIST"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2132 ><DL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2133 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2134 >PRAGMA <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2135 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2136 >pragma[,...]</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2137 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2138 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2139 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2140 >Specifies that the assembler should bring into force all <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2141 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2142 >pragma</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2143 >s
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2144 specified. Any unrecognized pragma will cause an assembly error. The new
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2145 pragmas will take effect immediately. This directive should be used when
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2146 the program will assemble incorrectly if the pragma is ignored or not supported.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2147 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2148 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2149 >*PRAGMA <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2150 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2151 >pragma[,...]</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2152 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2153 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2154 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2155 >This is identical to the PRAGMA directive except no error will occur with
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2156 unrecognized or unsupported pragmas. This directive, by virtue of starting
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2157 with a comment character, will also be ignored by assemblers that do not
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2158 support this directive. Use this variation if the pragma is not required
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2159 for correct functioning of the code.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2160 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2161 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2162 >*PRAGMAPUSH <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2163 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2164 >pragma[,...]</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2165 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2166 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2167 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2168 >This directive saves the current state of the specified pragma(s) for later retrieval. See discussion below for more information.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2169 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2170 >This directive will not throw any errors for any reason.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2171 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2172 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2173 >*PRAGMAPOP <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2174 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2175 >pragma[,...]</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2176 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2177 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2178 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2179 >This directive restores the previously saved state of the specified pragma(s). See discussion below for more information.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2180 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2181 >This directive will not throw any errors for any reason.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2182 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2183 ></DL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2184 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2185 ><P
231
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
2186 >Each pragma supported has a positive version and a negative version.
153
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2187 The positive version enables the pragma while the negative version disables
231
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
2188 it. The negatitve version is simply the positive version with "no" prefixed
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
2189 to it. For instance, "pragma" vs. "nopragma". When only one version is
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
2190 listed below, its opposite can be obtained by prepending "no" if it is not
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
2191 present or removing "no" from the beginning if it is present.</P
153
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2192 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2193 >Pragmas are not case sensitive.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2194 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2195 ></P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2196 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2197 CLASS="VARIABLELIST"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2198 ><DL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2199 ><DT
333
507f442dc71e Add support for 6800 compatibility instructions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 324
diff changeset
2200 >6800compat</DT
507f442dc71e Add support for 6800 compatibility instructions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 324
diff changeset
2201 ><DD
507f442dc71e Add support for 6800 compatibility instructions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 324
diff changeset
2202 ><P
507f442dc71e Add support for 6800 compatibility instructions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 324
diff changeset
2203 >When in force, this pragma enables recognition of various
507f442dc71e Add support for 6800 compatibility instructions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 324
diff changeset
2204 compatibility instructions useful when assembling 6800 code. These
507f442dc71e Add support for 6800 compatibility instructions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 324
diff changeset
2205 compatibility instructions are assembled into equivalent 6809 instructions.
507f442dc71e Add support for 6800 compatibility instructions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 324
diff changeset
2206 This mode also includes several analogous instructions which are not
507f442dc71e Add support for 6800 compatibility instructions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 324
diff changeset
2207 strictly 6800 instructions but allow the similar style to be applied to 6809
507f442dc71e Add support for 6800 compatibility instructions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 324
diff changeset
2208 specific features.</P
507f442dc71e Add support for 6800 compatibility instructions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 324
diff changeset
2209 ><P
507f442dc71e Add support for 6800 compatibility instructions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 324
diff changeset
2210 >Technically, a compliant 6809 assembler must recognize these
507f442dc71e Add support for 6800 compatibility instructions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 324
diff changeset
2211 instructions by default since Motorola advertised the 6809 as being source
507f442dc71e Add support for 6800 compatibility instructions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 324
diff changeset
2212 compatible with the 6800. However, most source code does not require this
507f442dc71e Add support for 6800 compatibility instructions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 324
diff changeset
2213 compatibility and LWASM itself did not support these instructions prior to
507f442dc71e Add support for 6800 compatibility instructions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 324
diff changeset
2214 version 4.11 so this mode is disabled by default.</P
507f442dc71e Add support for 6800 compatibility instructions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 324
diff changeset
2215 ></DD
507f442dc71e Add support for 6800 compatibility instructions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 324
diff changeset
2216 ><DT
153
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2217 >index0tonone</DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2218 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2219 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2220 >When in force, this pragma enables an optimization affecting indexed addressing
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2221 modes. When the offset expression in an indexed mode evaluates to zero but is
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2222 not explicity written as 0, this will replace the operand with the equivalent
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2223 no offset mode, thus creating slightly faster code. Because of the advantages
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2224 of this optimization, it is enabled by default.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2225 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2226 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2227 >cescapes</DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2228 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2229 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2230 >This pragma will cause strings in the FCC, FCS, and FCN pseudo operations to
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2231 have C-style escape sequences interpreted. The one departure from the official
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2232 spec is that unrecognized escape sequences will return either the character
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2233 immediately following the backslash or some undefined value. Do not rely
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2234 on the behaviour of undefined escape sequences.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2235 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2236 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2237 >importundefexport</DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2238 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2239 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2240 >This pragma is only valid for targets that support external references. When
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2241 in force, it will cause the EXPORT directive to act as IMPORT if the symbol
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2242 to be exported is not defined. This is provided for compatibility with the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2243 output of gcc6809 and should not be used in hand written code. Because of
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2244 the confusion this pragma can cause, it is disabled by default.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2245 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2246 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2247 >undefextern</DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2248 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2249 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2250 >This pragma is only valid for targets that support external references. When in
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2251 force, if the assembler sees an undefined symbol on the second pass, it will
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2252 automatically define it as an external symbol. This automatic definition will
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2253 apply for the remainder of the assembly process, even if the pragma is
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2254 subsequently turned off. Because this behaviour would be potentially surprising,
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2255 this pragma defaults to off.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2256 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2257 >The primary use for this pragma is for projects that share a large number of
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2258 symbols between source files. In such cases, it is impractical to enumerate
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2259 all the external references in every source file. This allows the assembler
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2260 and linker to do the heavy lifting while not preventing a particular source
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2261 module from defining a local symbol of the same name as an external symbol
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2262 if it does not need the external symbol. (This pragma will not cause an
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2263 automatic external definition if there is already a locally defined symbol.)</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2264 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2265 >This pragma will often be specified on the command line for large projects.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2266 However, depending on the specific dynamics of the project, it may be sufficient
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2267 for one or two files to use this pragma internally.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2268 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2269 ><DT
253
ed1009bce533 Document the "export" pragma
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 245
diff changeset
2270 >export</DT
ed1009bce533 Document the "export" pragma
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 245
diff changeset
2271 ><DD
ed1009bce533 Document the "export" pragma
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 245
diff changeset
2272 ><P
ed1009bce533 Document the "export" pragma
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 245
diff changeset
2273 >This pragma causes all symbols to be added to the export list
ed1009bce533 Document the "export" pragma
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 245
diff changeset
2274 automatically. This is useful when a large number of symbols need to be
ed1009bce533 Document the "export" pragma
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 245
diff changeset
2275 exported but you do not wish to include an EXPORT directive for all of them.
ed1009bce533 Document the "export" pragma
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 245
diff changeset
2276 This is often useful on the command line but might be useful even inline
ed1009bce533 Document the "export" pragma
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 245
diff changeset
2277 with the PRAGMA directive if a large number of symbols in a row are to be
ed1009bce533 Document the "export" pragma
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 245
diff changeset
2278 exported.</P
ed1009bce533 Document the "export" pragma
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 245
diff changeset
2279 ></DD
ed1009bce533 Document the "export" pragma
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 245
diff changeset
2280 ><DT
153
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2281 >dollarlocal</DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2282 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2283 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2284 >When set, a "$" in a symbol makes it local. When not set, "$" does not
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2285 cause a symbol to be local. It is set by default except when using the OS9
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2286 target.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2287 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2288 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2289 >dollarnotlocal</DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2290 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2291 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2292 > This is the same as the "dollarlocal" pragma except its sense is
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2293 reversed. That is, "dollarlocal" and "nodollarnotlocal" are equivalent and
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2294 "nodollarlocal" and "dollarnotlocal" are equivalent. </P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2295 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2296 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2297 >pcaspcr</DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2298 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2299 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2300 > Normally, LWASM makes a distinction between PC and PCR in program
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2301 counter relative addressing. In particular, the use of PC means an absolute
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2302 offset from PC while PCR causes the assembler to calculate the offset to the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2303 specified operand and use that as the offset from PC. By setting this
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2304 pragma, you can have PC treated the same as PCR. </P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2305 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2306 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2307 >shadow</DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2308 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2309 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2310 >When this pragma is in effect, it becomes possible to define a macro
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2311 that matches an internal operation code. Thus, it makes it possible to
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2312 redefine either CPU instructions or pseudo operations. Because this feature
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2313 is of dubious utility, it is disabled by default.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2314 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2315 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2316 >nolist</DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2317 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2318 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2319 >Lines where this pragma is in effect will not appear in the assembly
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2320 listing. Also, any symbols defined under this pragma will not show up in
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2321 the symbol list. This is most useful in include files to avoid spamming the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2322 assembly listing with dozens, hundreds, or thousands of irrelevant
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2323 symbols.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2324 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2325 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2326 >autobranchlength</DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2327 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2328 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2329 >One of the perennial annoyances for 6809 programmers is that the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2330 mneumonics for the short and long branch instructions are different (bxx vs.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2331 lbxx), which is at odds with the rest of the instruction set. This pragma
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2332 is a solution to those annoying byte overflow errors that short branch
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2333 instructions tend to aquire.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2334 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2335 >When this pragma is in effect, which is not the default, whenever any
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2336 relative branch instruction is used, its size will be automatically
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2337 determined based on the actual distance to the destination. In other words,
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2338 one can write code with long or short branches everywhere and the assembler
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2339 will choose a size for the branch.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2340 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2341 >Also, while this pragma is in effect, the &#62; and &#60; symbols can be used
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2342 to force the branch size, analogous to their use for other instructions with
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2343 &#60; forcing 8 bit offsets and &#62; forcing 16 bit offets.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2344 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2345 >Because this pragma leads to source that is incompatible with other
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2346 assemblers, it is strongly recommended that it be invoked using the PRAGMA
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2347 directive within the source code rather than on the command line or via the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2348 *PRAGMA directive. This way, an error will be raised if someone tries to
231
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
2349 assemble the code under a different assembler.</P
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
2350 ></DD
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
2351 ><DT
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
2352 >nosymbolcase, symbolnocase</DT
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
2353 ><DD
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
2354 ><P
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
2355 >Any symbol defined while this pragma is in force will be treated as
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
2356 case insensitive, regardless whether the pragma is in force when the symbol
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
2357 is referenced.</P
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
2358 ><P
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
2359 >It is important to note that this pragma will not work as expected in
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
2360 all cases when using the object file assembly target. It is intended for
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
2361 use only when the assembler will be producing the final binary.</P
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
2362 ></DD
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
2363 ><DT
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
2364 >condundefzero</DT
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
2365 ><DD
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
2366 ><P
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
2367 >This pragma will cause the assembler to change the way it handles
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
2368 symbols in conditional expressions. Ordinarily, any symbol that is not
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
2369 defined prior to the conditional will throw an undefined symbol error. With
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
2370 this pragma in effect, symbols that are not yet defined at the point the
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
2371 conditional is encountered will be treated as zero.</P
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
2372 ><P
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
2373 >This is not the default because it encourages poor code design. One
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
2374 should use the "IFDEF" or "IFNDEF" conditionals to test for the presence of
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
2375 a symbol.</P
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
2376 ><P
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
2377 >It is important to note that if a symbol is defined but it does not
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
2378 yet evaluate to a constant value at the point where the conditional appears,
2cc599f1bebf Added --define to lwasm documentation.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 168
diff changeset
2379 the assembler will still complain about a non constant condition.</P
153
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2380 ></DD
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2381 ></DL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2382 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2383 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2384 >As a convenience, each input file has a pragma state stack. This
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2385 allows, through the use of *PRAGMAPUSH and *PRAGMAPOP, a file to change a
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2386 pragma state and then restore it to the precise state it had previously.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2387 If, at the end of an input file, all pragma states have not been popped,
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2388 they will be removed from the stack. Thus, it is critical to employ
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2389 *PRAGMAPOP correctly. Because each input file has its own pragma stack,
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2390 using *PRAGMAPUSH in one file and *PRAGMAPOP in another file will not
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2391 work.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2392 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2393 >Pragma stacks are more useful in include files, in particular in
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2394 conjunction with the nolist pragma. One can push the state of the nolist
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2395 pragma, engage the nolist pragma, and then pop the state of the nolist
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2396 pragma at the end of the include file. This will cause the entire include
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2397 file to operate under the nolist pragma. However, if the file is included
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2398 while nolist is already engaged, it will not undo that state.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2399 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2400 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2401 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2402 CLASS="CHAPTER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2403 ><HR><H1
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2404 ><A
333
507f442dc71e Add support for 6800 compatibility instructions.
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parents: 324
diff changeset
2405 NAME="AEN727"
153
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lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2406 ></A
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2407 >Chapter 4. LWLINK</H1
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2408 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2409 >The LWTOOLS linker is called LWLINK. This chapter documents the various features
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2410 of the linker.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2411 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2412 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2413 ><HR><H2
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2414 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2415 ><A
333
507f442dc71e Add support for 6800 compatibility instructions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 324
diff changeset
2416 NAME="AEN730"
153
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
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parents:
diff changeset
2417 >4.1. Command Line Options</A
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2418 ></H2
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2419 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2420 >The binary for LWLINK is called "lwlink". Note that the binary is in lower
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2421 case. lwlink takes the following command line arguments.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2422 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2423 ></P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2424 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2425 CLASS="VARIABLELIST"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2426 ><DL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2427 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2428 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2429 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2430 >--decb</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2431 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2432 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2433 >-b</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2434 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2435 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2436 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2437 >Selects the DECB output format target. This is equivalent to <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2438 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2439 >--format=decb</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2440 ></P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2441 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2442 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2443 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2444 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2445 >--output=FILE</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2446 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2447 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2448 >-o FILE</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2449 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2450 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2451 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2452 >This option specifies the name of the output file. If not specified, the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2453 default is <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2454 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2455 >a.out</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2456 >.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2457 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2458 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2459 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2460 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2461 >--format=TYPE</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2462 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2463 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2464 >-f TYPE</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2465 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2466 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2467 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2468 >This option specifies the output format. Valid values are <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2469 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2470 >decb</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2471 >
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2472 and <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2473 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2474 >raw</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2475 ></P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2476 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2477 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2478 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2479 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2480 >--raw</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2481 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2482 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2483 >-r</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2484 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2485 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2486 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2487 >This option specifies the raw output format.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2488 It is equivalent to <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2489 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2490 >--format=raw</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2491 >
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2492 and <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2493 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2494 >-f raw</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2495 ></P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2496 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2497 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2498 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2499 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2500 >--script=FILE</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2501 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2502 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2503 >-s</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2504 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2505 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2506 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2507 >This option allows specifying a linking script to override the linker's
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2508 built in defaults.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2509 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2510 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2511 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2512 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2513 >--section-base=SECT=BASE</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2514 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2515 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2516 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2517 >Cause section SECT to load at base address BASE. This will be prepended
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2518 to the built-in link script. It is ignored if a link script is provided.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2519 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2520 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2521 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2522 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2523 >--map=FILE</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2524 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2525 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2526 >-m FILE</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2527 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2528 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2529 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2530 >This will output a description of the link result to FILE.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2531 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2532 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2533 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2534 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2535 >--library=LIBSPEC</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2536 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2537 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2538 >-l LIBSPEC</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2539 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2540 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2541 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2542 >Load a library using the library search path. LIBSPEC will have "lib" prepended
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2543 and ".a" appended.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2544 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2545 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2546 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2547 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2548 >--library-path=DIR</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2549 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2550 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2551 >-L DIR</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2552 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2553 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2554 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2555 >Add DIR to the library search path.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2556 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2557 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2558 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2559 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2560 >--debug</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2561 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2562 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2563 >-d</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2564 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2565 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2566 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2567 >This option increases the debugging level. It is only useful for LWTOOLS
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2568 developers.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2569 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2570 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2571 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2572 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2573 >--help</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2574 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2575 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2576 >-?</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2577 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2578 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2579 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2580 >This provides a listing of command line options and a brief description
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2581 of each.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2582 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2583 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2584 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2585 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2586 >--usage</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2587 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2588 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2589 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2590 >This will display a usage summary
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2591 of each command line option.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2592 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2593 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2594 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2595 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2596 >--version</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2597 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2598 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2599 >-V</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2600 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2601 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2602 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2603 >This will display the version of LWLINK.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2604 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2605 ></DL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2606 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2607 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2608 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2609 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2610 ><HR><H2
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2611 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2612 ><A
333
507f442dc71e Add support for 6800 compatibility instructions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 324
diff changeset
2613 NAME="AEN827"
153
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2614 >4.2. Linker Operation</A
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2615 ></H2
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2616 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2617 >&#13;LWLINK takes one or more files in supported input formats and links them
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2618 into a single binary. Currently supported formats are the LWTOOLS object
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2619 file format and the archive format used by LWAR. While the precise method is
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2620 slightly different, linking can be conceptualized as the following steps.&#13;</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2621 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2622 ></P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2623 ><OL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2624 TYPE="1"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2625 ><LI
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2626 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2627 >First, the linker loads a linking script. If no script is specified, it
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2628 loads a built-in default script based on the output format selected. This
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2629 script tells the linker how to lay out the various sections in the final
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2630 binary.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2631 ></LI
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2632 ><LI
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2633 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2634 >Next, the linker reads all the input files into memory. At this time, it
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2635 flags any format errors in those files. It constructs a table of symbols
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2636 for each object at this time.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2637 ></LI
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2638 ><LI
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2639 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2640 >The linker then proceeds with organizing the sections loaded from each file
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2641 according to the linking script. As it does so, it is able to assign addresses
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2642 to each symbol defined in each object file. At this time, the linker may
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2643 also collapse different instances of the same section name into a single
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2644 section by appending the data from each subsequent instance of the section
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2645 to the first instance of the section.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2646 ></LI
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2647 ><LI
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2648 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2649 >Next, the linker looks through every object file for every incomplete reference.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2650 It then attempts to fully resolve that reference. If it cannot do so, it
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2651 throws an error. Once a reference is resolved, the value is placed into
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2652 the binary code at the specified section. It should be noted that an
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2653 incomplete reference can reference either a symbol internal to the object
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2654 file or an external symbol which is in the export list of another object
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2655 file.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2656 ></LI
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2657 ><LI
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2658 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2659 >If all of the above steps are successful, the linker opens the output file
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2660 and actually constructs the binary.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2661 ></LI
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2662 ></OL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2663 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2664 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2665 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2666 ><HR><H2
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2667 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2668 ><A
333
507f442dc71e Add support for 6800 compatibility instructions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 324
diff changeset
2669 NAME="AEN841"
153
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2670 >4.3. Linking Scripts</A
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2671 ></H2
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2672 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2673 >A linker script is used to instruct the linker about how to assemble the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2674 various sections into a completed binary. It consists of a series of
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2675 directives which are considered in the order they are encountered.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2676 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2677 >The sections will appear in the resulting binary in the order they are
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2678 specified in the script file. If a referenced section is not found, the linker will behave as though the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2679 section did exist but had a zero size, no relocations, and no exports.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2680 A section should only be referenced once. Any subsequent references will have
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2681 an undefined effect.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2682 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2683 >All numbers are in linking scripts are specified in hexadecimal. All directives
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2684 are case sensitive although the hexadecimal numbers are not.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2685 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2686 >A section name can be specified as a "*", then any section not
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2687 already matched by the script will be matched. The "*" can be followed
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2688 by a comma and a flag to narrow the section down slightly, also.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2689 If the flag is "!bss", then any section that is not flagged as a bss section
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2690 will be matched. If the flag is "bss", then any section that is flagged as
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2691 bss will be matched.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2692 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2693 >The following directives are understood in a linker script.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2694 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2695 ></P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2696 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2697 CLASS="VARIABLELIST"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2698 ><DL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2699 ><DT
236
ce1fdc8d6568 Added ability to add padding after a section when linking.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 234
diff changeset
2700 >sectopt <CODE
ce1fdc8d6568 Added ability to add padding after a section when linking.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 234
diff changeset
2701 CLASS="PARAMETER"
ce1fdc8d6568 Added ability to add padding after a section when linking.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 234
diff changeset
2702 >section</CODE
ce1fdc8d6568 Added ability to add padding after a section when linking.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 234
diff changeset
2703 > padafter <CODE
ce1fdc8d6568 Added ability to add padding after a section when linking.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 234
diff changeset
2704 CLASS="PARAMETER"
ce1fdc8d6568 Added ability to add padding after a section when linking.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 234
diff changeset
2705 >byte,...</CODE
ce1fdc8d6568 Added ability to add padding after a section when linking.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 234
diff changeset
2706 ></DT
ce1fdc8d6568 Added ability to add padding after a section when linking.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 234
diff changeset
2707 ><DD
ce1fdc8d6568 Added ability to add padding after a section when linking.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 234
diff changeset
2708 ><P
ce1fdc8d6568 Added ability to add padding after a section when linking.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 234
diff changeset
2709 >&#13;This will cause the linker to append the specified list of byte values
ce1fdc8d6568 Added ability to add padding after a section when linking.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 234
diff changeset
2710 (specified in hexadecimal separated by commas) to the end of the named
ce1fdc8d6568 Added ability to add padding after a section when linking.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 234
diff changeset
2711 section. This is done once all instances of the specified section are
ce1fdc8d6568 Added ability to add padding after a section when linking.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 234
diff changeset
2712 collected together. This has no effect if the specified section does not
ce1fdc8d6568 Added ability to add padding after a section when linking.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 234
diff changeset
2713 appear anywhere in any of the objects specified for linking. &#13;</P
ce1fdc8d6568 Added ability to add padding after a section when linking.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 234
diff changeset
2714 ><P
ce1fdc8d6568 Added ability to add padding after a section when linking.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 234
diff changeset
2715 >&#13;If code depends on the presence of this padding somewhere, it is sufficient
ce1fdc8d6568 Added ability to add padding after a section when linking.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 234
diff changeset
2716 to include an empty section of the specified name in the object that depends
ce1fdc8d6568 Added ability to add padding after a section when linking.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 234
diff changeset
2717 on it.&#13;</P
ce1fdc8d6568 Added ability to add padding after a section when linking.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 234
diff changeset
2718 ></DD
ce1fdc8d6568 Added ability to add padding after a section when linking.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 234
diff changeset
2719 ><DT
234
d389adbcc4ab Added section base and length symbols to lwlink
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 232
diff changeset
2720 >define basesympat <CODE
d389adbcc4ab Added section base and length symbols to lwlink
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 232
diff changeset
2721 CLASS="PARAMETER"
d389adbcc4ab Added section base and length symbols to lwlink
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 232
diff changeset
2722 >string</CODE
d389adbcc4ab Added section base and length symbols to lwlink
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 232
diff changeset
2723 ></DT
d389adbcc4ab Added section base and length symbols to lwlink
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 232
diff changeset
2724 ><DD
d389adbcc4ab Added section base and length symbols to lwlink
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 232
diff changeset
2725 ><P
d389adbcc4ab Added section base and length symbols to lwlink
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 232
diff changeset
2726 >&#13;This causes the linker to define a symbol for the ultimate base address of
d389adbcc4ab Added section base and length symbols to lwlink
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 232
diff changeset
2727 each section using the pattern specified by <CODE
d389adbcc4ab Added section base and length symbols to lwlink
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 232
diff changeset
2728 CLASS="PARAMETER"
d389adbcc4ab Added section base and length symbols to lwlink
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 232
diff changeset
2729 >string</CODE
d389adbcc4ab Added section base and length symbols to lwlink
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 232
diff changeset
2730 >.
d389adbcc4ab Added section base and length symbols to lwlink
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 232
diff changeset
2731 In the string, %s can appear exactly once and will be replaced with the
d389adbcc4ab Added section base and length symbols to lwlink
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 232
diff changeset
2732 section name. The base address is calculated after all instances of each
d389adbcc4ab Added section base and length symbols to lwlink
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 232
diff changeset
2733 section have been collapsed together.&#13;</P
d389adbcc4ab Added section base and length symbols to lwlink
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 232
diff changeset
2734 ><P
236
ce1fdc8d6568 Added ability to add padding after a section when linking.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 234
diff changeset
2735 >&#13;It should be noted that if none of the objects to be linked contains a
ce1fdc8d6568 Added ability to add padding after a section when linking.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 234
diff changeset
2736 particular section name, there will be no base symbol defined for it, even
ce1fdc8d6568 Added ability to add padding after a section when linking.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 234
diff changeset
2737 if it is listed explicitly in the link script. If code depends on the
ce1fdc8d6568 Added ability to add padding after a section when linking.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 234
diff changeset
2738 presence of these symbols, it is sufficient to include an empty section of
ce1fdc8d6568 Added ability to add padding after a section when linking.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 234
diff changeset
2739 the specified name in the object that depends on it.&#13;</P
ce1fdc8d6568 Added ability to add padding after a section when linking.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 234
diff changeset
2740 ><P
234
d389adbcc4ab Added section base and length symbols to lwlink
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 232
diff changeset
2741 > If the pattern resolves to the same string for multiple
d389adbcc4ab Added section base and length symbols to lwlink
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 232
diff changeset
2742 sections, the results are undefined.&#13;</P
d389adbcc4ab Added section base and length symbols to lwlink
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 232
diff changeset
2743 ></DD
d389adbcc4ab Added section base and length symbols to lwlink
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 232
diff changeset
2744 ><DT
d389adbcc4ab Added section base and length symbols to lwlink
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 232
diff changeset
2745 >define lensympat <CODE
d389adbcc4ab Added section base and length symbols to lwlink
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 232
diff changeset
2746 CLASS="PARAMETER"
d389adbcc4ab Added section base and length symbols to lwlink
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 232
diff changeset
2747 >string</CODE
d389adbcc4ab Added section base and length symbols to lwlink
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 232
diff changeset
2748 ></DT
d389adbcc4ab Added section base and length symbols to lwlink
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 232
diff changeset
2749 ><DD
d389adbcc4ab Added section base and length symbols to lwlink
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 232
diff changeset
2750 ><P
d389adbcc4ab Added section base and length symbols to lwlink
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 232
diff changeset
2751 >&#13;This causes the linker to define a symbol for the ultimate length of each
d389adbcc4ab Added section base and length symbols to lwlink
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 232
diff changeset
2752 section using the pattern specified by <CODE
d389adbcc4ab Added section base and length symbols to lwlink
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 232
diff changeset
2753 CLASS="PARAMETER"
d389adbcc4ab Added section base and length symbols to lwlink
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 232
diff changeset
2754 >string</CODE
d389adbcc4ab Added section base and length symbols to lwlink
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 232
diff changeset
2755 >. In
d389adbcc4ab Added section base and length symbols to lwlink
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 232
diff changeset
2756 the string, %s can appear exactly once and will be replaced with the section
d389adbcc4ab Added section base and length symbols to lwlink
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 232
diff changeset
2757 name. The length is calculated after all instances of a section have been
d389adbcc4ab Added section base and length symbols to lwlink
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 232
diff changeset
2758 collapsed together.&#13;</P
d389adbcc4ab Added section base and length symbols to lwlink
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 232
diff changeset
2759 ><P
236
ce1fdc8d6568 Added ability to add padding after a section when linking.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 234
diff changeset
2760 >&#13;It should be noted that if none of the objects to be linked contains a
ce1fdc8d6568 Added ability to add padding after a section when linking.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 234
diff changeset
2761 particular section name, there will be no length symbol defined for it, even
ce1fdc8d6568 Added ability to add padding after a section when linking.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 234
diff changeset
2762 if it is listed explicitly in the link script. If code depends on the
ce1fdc8d6568 Added ability to add padding after a section when linking.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 234
diff changeset
2763 presence of these symbols, it is sufficient to include an empty section of
ce1fdc8d6568 Added ability to add padding after a section when linking.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 234
diff changeset
2764 the specified name in the object that depends on it.&#13;</P
ce1fdc8d6568 Added ability to add padding after a section when linking.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 234
diff changeset
2765 ><P
234
d389adbcc4ab Added section base and length symbols to lwlink
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 232
diff changeset
2766 >If the pattern resolves to the same string for multiple
d389adbcc4ab Added section base and length symbols to lwlink
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 232
diff changeset
2767 sections, the results are undefined.&#13;</P
d389adbcc4ab Added section base and length symbols to lwlink
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 232
diff changeset
2768 ></DD
d389adbcc4ab Added section base and length symbols to lwlink
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 232
diff changeset
2769 ><DT
153
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2770 >section <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2771 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2772 >name</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2773 > load <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2774 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2775 >addr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2776 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2777 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2778 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2779 >&#13;This causes the section <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2780 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2781 >name</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2782 > to load at
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2783 <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2784 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2785 >addr</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2786 >. For the raw target, only one "load at" entry is
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2787 allowed for non-bss sections and it must be the first one. For raw targets,
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2788 it affects the addresses the linker assigns to symbols but has no other
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2789 affect on the output. bss sections may all have separate load addresses but
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2790 since they will not appear in the binary anyway, this is okay.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2791 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2792 >For the decb target, each "load" entry will cause a new "block" to be
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2793 output to the binary which will contain the load address. It is legal for
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2794 sections to overlap in this manner - the linker assumes the loader will sort
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2795 everything out.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2796 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2797 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2798 >section <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2799 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2800 >name</CODE
316
c4853a54b4a1 Documented new "high" option for link scripts.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 254
diff changeset
2801 > high <CODE
c4853a54b4a1 Documented new "high" option for link scripts.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 254
diff changeset
2802 CLASS="PARAMETER"
c4853a54b4a1 Documented new "high" option for link scripts.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 254
diff changeset
2803 >addr</CODE
c4853a54b4a1 Documented new "high" option for link scripts.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 254
diff changeset
2804 ></DT
c4853a54b4a1 Documented new "high" option for link scripts.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 254
diff changeset
2805 ><DD
c4853a54b4a1 Documented new "high" option for link scripts.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 254
diff changeset
2806 ><P
c4853a54b4a1 Documented new "high" option for link scripts.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 254
diff changeset
2807 >&#13;This causes the section <CODE
c4853a54b4a1 Documented new "high" option for link scripts.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 254
diff changeset
2808 CLASS="PARAMETER"
c4853a54b4a1 Documented new "high" option for link scripts.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 254
diff changeset
2809 >name</CODE
c4853a54b4a1 Documented new "high" option for link scripts.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 254
diff changeset
2810 > to load with its end
c4853a54b4a1 Documented new "high" option for link scripts.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 254
diff changeset
2811 address just below <CODE
c4853a54b4a1 Documented new "high" option for link scripts.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 254
diff changeset
2812 CLASS="PARAMETER"
c4853a54b4a1 Documented new "high" option for link scripts.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 254
diff changeset
2813 >addr</CODE
c4853a54b4a1 Documented new "high" option for link scripts.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 254
diff changeset
2814 >. Subsequent sections are
c4853a54b4a1 Documented new "high" option for link scripts.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 254
diff changeset
2815 loaded at progressively lower addresses. This may lead to inefficient file
c4853a54b4a1 Documented new "high" option for link scripts.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 254
diff changeset
2816 encoding for some targets. As of this writing, it will also almost
c4853a54b4a1 Documented new "high" option for link scripts.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 254
diff changeset
2817 certainly do the wrong thing for a raw target.&#13;</P
c4853a54b4a1 Documented new "high" option for link scripts.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 254
diff changeset
2818 ><P
c4853a54b4a1 Documented new "high" option for link scripts.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 254
diff changeset
2819 >&#13;This is useful for aligning a block of code with high memory. As an
c4853a54b4a1 Documented new "high" option for link scripts.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 254
diff changeset
2820 example, if the total size of a section is $100 bytes and a high address of
c4853a54b4a1 Documented new "high" option for link scripts.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 254
diff changeset
2821 $FE00 is specified, the section will actually load at $FD00.&#13;</P
c4853a54b4a1 Documented new "high" option for link scripts.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 254
diff changeset
2822 ></DD
c4853a54b4a1 Documented new "high" option for link scripts.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 254
diff changeset
2823 ><DT
c4853a54b4a1 Documented new "high" option for link scripts.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 254
diff changeset
2824 >section <CODE
c4853a54b4a1 Documented new "high" option for link scripts.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 254
diff changeset
2825 CLASS="PARAMETER"
c4853a54b4a1 Documented new "high" option for link scripts.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 254
diff changeset
2826 >name</CODE
153
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2827 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2828 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2829 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2830 >&#13;This will cause the section <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2831 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2832 >name</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2833 > to load after the previously listed
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2834 section.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2835 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2836 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2837 >entry <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2838 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2839 >addr or sym</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2840 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2841 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2842 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2843 >This will cause the execution address (entry point) to be the address
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2844 specified (in hex) or the specified symbol name. The symbol name must
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2845 match a symbol that is exported by one of the object files being linked.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2846 This has no effect for targets that do not encode the entry point into the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2847 resulting file. If not specified, the entry point is assumed to be address 0
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2848 which is probably not what you want. The default link scripts for targets
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2849 that support this directive automatically starts at the beginning of the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2850 first section (usually "init" or "code") that is emitted in the binary.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2851 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2852 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2853 >pad <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2854 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2855 >size</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2856 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2857 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2858 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2859 >This will cause the output file to be padded with NUL bytes to be exactly
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2860 <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2861 CLASS="PARAMETER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2862 >size</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2863 > bytes in length. This only makes sense for a raw target.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2864 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2865 ></DL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2866 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2867 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2868 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2869 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2870 ><HR><H2
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2871 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2872 ><A
333
507f442dc71e Add support for 6800 compatibility instructions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 324
diff changeset
2873 NAME="AEN907"
153
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2874 >4.4. Format Specific Linking Notes</A
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2875 ></H2
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2876 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2877 >Some formats require special information to be able to generate actual
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2878 binaries. If the specific format you are interested in is not listed in
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2879 this section, then there is nothing special you need to know about to create
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2880 a final binary.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2881 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2882 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2883 ><HR><H3
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2884 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2885 ><A
333
507f442dc71e Add support for 6800 compatibility instructions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 324
diff changeset
2886 NAME="AEN910"
153
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2887 >4.4.1. OS9 Modules</A
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2888 ></H3
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2889 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2890 >OS9 modules need to embed several items into the module header. These
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2891 items are the type of module, the langauge of the module, the module
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2892 attributes, the module revision number, the data size (bss), and the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2893 execution offset. These are all either calculated or default to reasonable
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2894 values.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2895 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2896 >The data size is calcuated as the sum of all sections named "bss" or
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2897 ".bss" in all object files that are linked together.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2898 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2899 >The execution offset is calculated from the address of the special
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2900 symbol "__start" which must be an exported (external) symbol in one of the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2901 objects to be linked.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2902 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2903 >The type defaults to "Prgrm" or "Program module". The language
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2904 defaults to "Objct" or "6809 object code". Attributes default to enabling
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2905 the re-entrant flag. And finally, the revision defaults to zero.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2906 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2907 >The embedded module name is the output filename. If the output
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2908 filename includes more than just the filename, this will probably not be
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2909 what you want.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2910 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2911 >The type, language, attributes, revision, and module name can all be
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2912 overridden by providing a special section in exactly one of the object files
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2913 to be linked. This section is called "__os9" (note the two underscores).
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2914 To override the type, language, attributes, or revision values, define a
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2915 non-exported symbol in this section called "type", "lang", "attr", or "rev"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2916 respectively. Any other symbols defined are ignored. To override the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2917 module name, include as the only actual code in the section a NUL terminated
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2918 string (the FCN directive is useful for this). If there is no code in the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2919 section or it beings with a NUL, the default name will be used. Any of the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2920 preceeding that are not defined in the special section will retain their
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2921 default values.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2922 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2923 >The built-in link script for OS9 modules will place the following
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2924 sections, in order, in the module: "code", ".text", "data", ".data". It
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2925 will merge all sections with the name "bss" or ".bss" into the "data"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2926 section. All other section names are ignored. What this means is that you
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2927 must define your data variables in the a section called "bss" or ".bss" even
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2928 though you will be refencing them all as offsets from U. This does have the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2929 unpleasant side effect that all BSS references will end up being 16 bit
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2930 offsets because the assembler cannot know what the offset will be once the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2931 linker is finished its work. Thus, if the tightest possible code is
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2932 required, having LWASM directly output the module is a better choice.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2933 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2934 >While the built-in link script is probably sufficient for most
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2935 purposes, you can provide your own script. If you provide a custom link
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2936 script, you must start your code and data sections at location 000D to
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2937 accommodate the module header. Otherwise, you will have an incorrect
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2938 location for the execution offset. You must use the ENTRY directive in the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2939 script to define the entry point for the module.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2940 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2941 >It should also be obvious from the above that you cannot mix the bss
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2942 (rmb) definitions with the module code when linking separately. Those
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2943 familiar with typical module creation will probably find this an unpleasant
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2944 difference but it is unavoidable.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2945 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2946 >It should also be noted that direct page references should also be
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2947 avoided because you cannot know ahead of time whether the linker is going to
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2948 end up putting a particular variable in the first 256 bytes of the module's
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2949 data space. If, however, you know for certain you will have less than 256
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2950 bytes of defined data space across all of the object files that will be
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2951 linked, you can instead use forced DP addressing for your data addresses
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2952 instead of the ,u notation. When linking with 3rd party libraries, this
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2953 practice should be avoided. Also, when creating libraries, always use the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2954 offset from U technique.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2955 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2956 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2957 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2958 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2959 CLASS="CHAPTER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2960 ><HR><H1
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2961 ><A
333
507f442dc71e Add support for 6800 compatibility instructions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 324
diff changeset
2962 NAME="AEN922"
153
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2963 ></A
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2964 >Chapter 5. Libraries and LWAR</H1
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2965 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2966 >LWTOOLS also includes a tool for managing libraries. These are analogous to
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2967 the static libraries created with the "ar" tool on POSIX systems. Each library
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2968 file contains one or more object files. The linker will treat the object
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2969 files within a library as though they had been specified individually on
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2970 the command line except when resolving external references. External references
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2971 are looked up first within the object files within the library and then, if
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2972 not found, the usual lookup based on the order the files are specified on
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2973 the command line occurs.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2974 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2975 >The tool for creating these libary files is called LWAR.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2976 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2977 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2978 ><HR><H2
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2979 CLASS="SECTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2980 ><A
333
507f442dc71e Add support for 6800 compatibility instructions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 324
diff changeset
2981 NAME="AEN926"
153
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2982 >5.1. Command Line Options</A
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2983 ></H2
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2984 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2985 >The binary for LWAR is called "lwar". Note that the binary is in lower
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2986 case. The options lwar understands are listed below. For archive manipulation
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2987 options, the first non-option argument is the name of the archive. All other
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2988 non-option arguments are the names of files to operate on.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2989 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2990 ></P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2991 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2992 CLASS="VARIABLELIST"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2993 ><DL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2994 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2995 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2996 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2997 >--add</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2998 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
2999 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3000 >-a</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3001 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3002 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3003 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3004 >This option specifies that an archive is going to have files added to it.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3005 If the archive does not already exist, it is created. New files are added
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3006 to the end of the archive.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3007 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3008 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3009 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3010 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3011 >--create</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3012 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3013 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3014 >-c</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3015 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3016 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3017 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3018 >This option specifies that an archive is going to be created and have files
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3019 added to it. If the archive already exists, it is truncated.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3020 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3021 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3022 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3023 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3024 >--merge</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3025 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3026 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3027 >-m</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3028 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3029 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3030 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3031 >If specified, any files specified to be added to an archive will be checked
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3032 to see if they are archives themselves. If so, their constituent members are
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3033 added to the archive. This is useful for avoiding archives containing archives.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3034 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3035 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3036 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3037 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3038 >--list</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3039 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3040 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3041 >-l</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3042 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3043 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3044 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3045 >This will display a list of the files contained in the archive.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3046 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3047 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3048 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3049 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3050 >--debug</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3051 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3052 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3053 >-d</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3054 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3055 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3056 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3057 >This option increases the debugging level. It is only useful for LWTOOLS
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3058 developers.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3059 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3060 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3061 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3062 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3063 >--help</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3064 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3065 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3066 >-?</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3067 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3068 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3069 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3070 >This provides a listing of command line options and a brief description
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3071 of each.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3072 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3073 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3074 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3075 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3076 >--usage</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3077 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3078 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3079 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3080 >This will display a usage summary
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3081 of each command line option.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3082 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3083 ><DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3084 ><CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3085 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3086 >--version</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3087 >, <CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3088 CLASS="OPTION"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3089 >-V</CODE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3090 ></DT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3091 ><DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3092 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3093 >This will display the version of LWLINK.
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3094 of each.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3095 ></DD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3096 ></DL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3097 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3098 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3099 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3100 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3101 CLASS="CHAPTER"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3102 ><HR><H1
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3103 ><A
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3104 NAME="OBJCHAP"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3105 ></A
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3106 >Chapter 6. Object Files</H1
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3107 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3108 >LWTOOLS uses a proprietary object file format. It is proprietary in the sense
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3109 that it is specific to LWTOOLS, not that it is a hidden format. It would be
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3110 hard to keep it hidden in an open source tool chain anyway. This chapter
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3111 documents the object file format.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3112 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3113 >An object file consists of a series of sections each of which contains a
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3114 list of exported symbols, a list of incomplete references, and a list of
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3115 "local" symbols which may be used in calculating incomplete references. Each
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3116 section will obviously also contain the object code.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3117 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3118 >Exported symbols must be completely resolved to an address within the
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3119 section it is exported from. That is, an exported symbol must be a constant
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3120 rather than defined in terms of other symbols.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3121 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3122 >Each object file starts with a magic number and version number. The magic
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3123 number is the string "LWOBJ16" for this 16 bit object file format. The only
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3124 defined version number is currently 0. Thus, the first 8 bytes of the object
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3125 file are <FONT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3126 COLOR="RED"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3127 >4C574F424A313600</FONT
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3128 ></P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3129 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3130 >Each section has the following items in order:</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3131 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3132 ></P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3133 ><UL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3134 ><LI
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3135 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3136 >section name</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3137 ></LI
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3138 ><LI
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3139 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3140 >flags</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3141 ></LI
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3142 ><LI
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3143 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3144 >list of local symbols (and addresses within the section)</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3145 ></LI
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3146 ><LI
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3147 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3148 >list of exported symbols (and addresses within the section)</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3149 ></LI
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3150 ><LI
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3151 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3152 >list of incomplete references along with the expressions to calculate them</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3153 ></LI
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3154 ><LI
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3155 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3156 >the actual object code (for non-BSS sections)</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3157 ></LI
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3158 ></UL
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3159 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3160 >The section starts with the name of the section with a NUL termination
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3161 followed by a series of flag bytes terminated by NUL. There are only two
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3162 flag bytes defined. A NUL (0) indicates no more flags and a value of 1
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3163 indicates the section is a BSS section. For a BSS section, no actual
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3164 code is included in the object file.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3165 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3166 >Either a NULL section name or end of file indicate the presence of no more
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3167 sections.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3168 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3169 >Each entry in the exported and local symbols table consists of the symbol
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3170 (NUL terminated) followed by two bytes which contain the value in big endian
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3171 order. The end of a symbol table is indicated by a NULL symbol name.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3172 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3173 >Each entry in the incomplete references table consists of an expression
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3174 followed by a 16 bit offset where the reference goes. Expressions are
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3175 defined as a series of terms up to an "end of expression" term. Each term
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3176 consists of a single byte which identifies the type of term (see below)
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3177 followed by any data required by the term. Then end of the list is flagged
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3178 by a NULL expression (only an end of expression term).</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3179 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3180 CLASS="TABLE"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3181 ><A
333
507f442dc71e Add support for 6800 compatibility instructions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 324
diff changeset
3182 NAME="AEN1009"
153
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3183 ></A
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3184 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3185 ><B
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3186 >Table 6-1. Object File Term Types</B
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3187 ></P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3188 ><TABLE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3189 BORDER="1"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3190 FRAME="border"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3191 CLASS="CALSTABLE"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3192 ><COL><COL><THEAD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3193 ><TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3194 ><TH
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3195 >TERMTYPE</TH
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3196 ><TH
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3197 >Meaning</TH
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3198 ></TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3199 ></THEAD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3200 ><TBODY
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3201 ><TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3202 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3203 >00</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3204 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3205 >end of expression</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3206 ></TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3207 ><TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3208 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3209 >01</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3210 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3211 >integer (16 bit in big endian order follows)</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3212 ></TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3213 ><TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3214 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3215 >02</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3216 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3217 > external symbol reference (NUL terminated symbol name follows)</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3218 ></TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3219 ><TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3220 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3221 >03</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3222 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3223 >local symbol reference (NUL terminated symbol name follows)</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3224 ></TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3225 ><TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3226 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3227 >04</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3228 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3229 >operator (1 byte operator number)</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3230 ></TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3231 ><TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3232 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3233 >05</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3234 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3235 >section base address reference</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3236 ></TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3237 ><TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3238 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3239 >FF</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3240 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3241 >This term will set flags for the expression. Each one of these terms will set a single flag. All of them should be specified first in an expression. If they are not, the behaviour is undefined. The byte following is the flag. Flag 01 indicates an 8 bit relocation. Flag 02 indicates a zero-width relocation (see the EXTDEP pseudo op in LWASM).</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3242 ></TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3243 ></TBODY
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3244 ></TABLE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3245 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3246 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3247 >External references are resolved using other object files while local
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3248 references are resolved using the local symbol table(s) from this file. This
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3249 allows local symbols that are not exported to have the same names as
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3250 exported symbols or external references.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3251 ><DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3252 CLASS="TABLE"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3253 ><A
333
507f442dc71e Add support for 6800 compatibility instructions.
William Astle <lost@l-w.ca>
parents: 324
diff changeset
3254 NAME="AEN1039"
153
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3255 ></A
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3256 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3257 ><B
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3258 >Table 6-2. Object File Operator Numbers</B
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3259 ></P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3260 ><TABLE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3261 BORDER="1"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3262 FRAME="border"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3263 CLASS="CALSTABLE"
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3264 ><COL><COL><THEAD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3265 ><TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3266 ><TH
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3267 >Number</TH
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3268 ><TH
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3269 >Operator</TH
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3270 ></TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3271 ></THEAD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3272 ><TBODY
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3273 ><TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3274 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3275 >01</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3276 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3277 >addition (+)</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3278 ></TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3279 ><TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3280 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3281 >02</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3282 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3283 >subtraction (-)</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3284 ></TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3285 ><TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3286 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3287 >03</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3288 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3289 >multiplication (*)</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3290 ></TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3291 ><TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3292 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3293 >04</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3294 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3295 >division (/)</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3296 ></TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3297 ><TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3298 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3299 >05</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3300 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3301 >modulus (%)</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3302 ></TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3303 ><TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3304 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3305 >06</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3306 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3307 >integer division (\) (same as division)</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3308 ></TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3309 ><TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3310 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3311 >07</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3312 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3313 >bitwise and</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3314 ></TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3315 ><TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3316 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3317 >08</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3318 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3319 >bitwise or</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3320 ></TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3321 ><TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3322 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3323 >09</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3324 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3325 >bitwise xor</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3326 ></TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3327 ><TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3328 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3329 >0A</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3330 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3331 >boolean and</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3332 ></TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3333 ><TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3334 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3335 >0B</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3336 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3337 >boolean or</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3338 ></TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3339 ><TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3340 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3341 >0C</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3342 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3343 >unary negation, 2's complement (-)</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3344 ></TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3345 ><TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3346 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3347 >0D</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3348 ><TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3349 >unary 1's complement (^)</TD
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3350 ></TR
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3351 ></TBODY
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3352 ></TABLE
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3353 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3354 ><P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3355 >An expression is represented in a postfix manner with both operands for
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3356 binary operators preceding the operator and the single operand for unary
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3357 operators preceding the operator.</P
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3358 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3359 ></DIV
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3360 ></BODY
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3361 ></HTML
83b7b4ce3bbd Added prebuilt manual to repository to avoid failures to include it during releases
lost@l-w.ca
parents:
diff changeset
3362 >